{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T16:02:03Z","timestamp":1765382523147,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Placental site nodules (PSNs) are benign tumor-like growths that develop from chorionic-type intermediate trophoblastic cells. Their clinical significance is unknown. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with PSNs, with focus on possible reproductive impact.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We performed a retrospective case series of all patients with a pathology diagnosis of PSN in a large urban hospital system from 2018 to 2022. We collected clinical variables such as pathology diagnosis\/description, presenting symptoms, method of prior delivery, and prior history of infertility, pregnancy loss, and uterine instrumentation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 32 patients were included in this case series. The most common presenting symptom was abnormal uterine bleeding (40.6%, 13\/32). Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) (15.6%, 5\/32) and infertility (15.6%, 5\/32) were common presenting symptoms as well. 62.5% (20\/32) patients had a history of prior uterine instrumentation. Coexisting chronic endometritis was identified in 9.4% (3\/32) of cases. Of the 5 RPL\/infertility patients who underwent hysteroscopic resection of a PSN, 1 achieved a live birth.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PSNs may be associated with abnormal uterine bleeding, recurrent pregnancy loss, infertility, history of prior uterine instrumentation, and chronic endometritis. Although a rare diagnosis, the presence of a PSN should be considered in patients presenting for infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss workup.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/lmae075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T23:45:59Z","timestamp":1725579959000},"page":"146-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Placental site nodules and reproductive outcomes: a clinicopathologic case series"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Meaghan","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein\/Montefiore Medical Center , Bronx, NY ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein\/Montefiore Medical Center , Bronx, NY ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F N U","family":"Sapna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein\/Montefiore Medical Center , Bronx, NY ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Hebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein\/Montefiore Medical Center , Bronx, NY ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Lieman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein\/Montefiore Medical Center , Bronx, NY ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2025031011215593600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0000000000000598","article-title":"A rare case of atypical placental site nodule with an emerging intermediate trophoblastic tumor","volume":"39","author":"Dholakia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025031011215593600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0000000000000128","article-title":"Atypical placental site nodule (APSN) and association with malignant gestational trophoblastic disease; 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