{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,11]],"date-time":"2025-05-11T04:01:13Z","timestamp":1746936073474,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The use of xylene substitutes is becoming more common in the setting of micrographic surgery frozen tissue section staining, and dermatologic surgeons need to be aware of possible undesirable delayed effects of using these agents and the possibility of modifying H&amp;E staining protocols to prevent delayed fading. This report demonstrates an undesirable outcome of using an isoparaffinic aliphatic hydrocarbon as a xylene substitute, implementation of a quality improvement intervention to eliminate frozen section slide fading in the setting of micrographic surgery tissue processing, and recommendations for the modification of protocol when using a xylene substitute.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical and Laboratory Information<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Frozen section slides processed with xylene and xylene substitute were analyzed by histotechnicians, a dermatopathologist, and a micrographic surgery surgeon at 1-week and 1-month intervals. The use of a standard H&amp;E protocol resulted in zero stains fading when using xylene as a clearing agent, but delayed fading when using a xylene substitute.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using an isoparaffinic aliphatic hydrocarbon as a xylene substitute can lead to excess water carryover, which may result in delayed hematoxylin fading in micrographic surgery tissue staining, so using this xylene substitute likely requires modification to the dehydration phase and tap water immersion phase to prevent fading.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/lmae099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T12:31:42Z","timestamp":1734179502000},"page":"308-311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Advisory on delayed fading caused by the use of a xylene substitute for frozen tissue specimen staining in micrographic surgery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Mitchell S","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix , Phoenix, AZ ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9783-9269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rini M","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix , Phoenix, AZ ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel B","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, TX ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cloyce L","family":"Stetson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, TX ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2025051000314465300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1179\/his.1994.17.2.143","article-title":"Evaluation of xylene substitutes for a paraffin tissue processing","volume":"17","author":"Wynnchuk","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Histotechnol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025051000314465300_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3109\/10520290903235445","article-title":"A novel xylene substitute for histotechnology and histochemistry","volume":"85","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biotech Histochem."},{"issue":"7","key":"2025051000314465300_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.3109\/10520295.2012.701764","article-title":"Replacing xylene with n-heptane for paraffin embedding","volume":"87","author":"Stockert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biotech Histochem."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025051000314465300_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01457410","article-title":"Non-hazardous organic solvents in the paraffin-embedding technique: a rational approach. Aliphatic monoesters for clearing and dewaxing: butyldecanoate","volume":"103","author":"Lyon","year":"1995","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025051000314465300_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3109\/10520295.2013.764015","article-title":"Conventional xylene and xylene-free methods for routine histopathological preparation of tissue sections","volume":"88","author":"Metgud","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biotech Histochem."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025051000314465300_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1080\/10520290310001633725","article-title":"Traditional staining for routine diagnostic pathology including the role of tannic acid. 1. Value and limitations of the hematoxylin-eosin stain","volume":"78","author":"Wittekind","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biotech Histochem."},{"issue":"8","key":"2025051000314465300_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2011.02051.x","article-title":"Hematoxylin and eosin tissue stain in Mohs micrographic surgery: a review","volume":"37","author":"Larson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025051000314465300_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1995.tb00162.x","article-title":"Xylene substitutes in frozen sections","volume":"21","author":"Whalen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg."}],"container-title":["Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article-pdf\/56\/3\/308\/60938225\/lmae099.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article-pdf\/56\/3\/308\/60938225\/lmae099.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T04:31:46Z","timestamp":1746851506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article\/56\/3\/308\/7915461"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/labmed\/lmae099","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-5027","1943-7730"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0007-5027"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1943-7730"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]}}}