{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:42:55Z","timestamp":1786120975757,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Automated blood cell separators are commonly used for autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparation. Although these devices ensure stable platelet concentrations, low contamination, and high reproducibility, unified protocols remain lacking. This study explored a collection protocol that uses real-time visual feedback and dynamic parameter adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this single-center retrospective study, we analyzed 35 autologous PRP collections. Visual criteria (pale lemon-yellow appearance, uniform turbidity, absence of macroscopically visible particles) and adjustment rules were developed. Platelet concentration, enrichment factor, and residual red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell levels were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Median platelet concentration was 1500\u202f\u00d7\u202f109\/L (IQR, 1031-1618\u202f\u00d7\u202f109\/L), and the mean (SD) enrichment factor was 6.33 (2.76); 71.43% (25\/35) of products fell within a range of 1000 to 1800\u202f\u00d7\u202f109\/L, consistent with reported 3-fold to 8-fold enrichment. Red blood cell counts ranged from 0 to 0.20\u202f\u00d7\u202f1012\/L. No macroscopic RBCs were detected, but 37.1% (13\/35) of RBCs exceeded a threshold of 0.05\u202f\u00d7\u202f1012\/L. White blood cell counts ranged from 0 to 1.69\u202f\u00d7\u202f109\/L, below the leukocyte-poor threshold proposed by Kikuchi et al.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study presented a protocol capable of producing PRP within the therapeutic range and achieving effective leukocyte control. Our findings provide a practical strategy for translating subjective experience into objective, trainable procedures. Given the limitations of small sample size and subjective visual criteria, further prospective machine vision validation is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/lmag047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T11:30:57Z","timestamp":1784633457000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A protocol for autologous platelet-rich plasma collection using an automated blood cell separator: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, West China Hospital, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University , Xiamen Fujian,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, West China Hospital, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University , Xiamen Fujian,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, West China Hospital, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University , Xiamen Fujian,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, West China Hospital, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University , Xiamen Fujian,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, West China Hospital, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University , Xiamen Fujian,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiting","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, West China Hospital, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University , Xiamen Fujian,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenglian","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1159\/000477353","article-title":"A review of platelet-rich plasma: history, biology, mechanism of action, and classification","volume":"4","author":"Alves","year":"2018","journal-title":"Skin Appendage Disord"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.16.01374","article-title":"A call for standardization in platelet-rich plasma preparation protocols and composition reporting: a systematic review of the clinical orthopaedic literature","volume":"99","author":"Chahla","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s40634-020-00282-2","article-title":"Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as therapy for cartilage, tendon and muscle damage\u2014German Working Group position statement","volume":"7","author":"Tischer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Exp Orthop"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-016-9519-3","article-title":"Commercial separation systems designed for preparation of platelet-rich plasma yield differences in cellular composition","volume":"13","author":"Degen","year":"2017","journal-title":"HSS J"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B5","volume-title":"Standards for Perioperative Autologous Blood Collection and Administration","author":"Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies","year":"2025","edition":"11th"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.13303\/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2022.12.001","article-title":"Expert consensus on intra-articular injection of autologous apheresis platelet-rich plasma for knee osteoarthritis","volume":"35","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin J Blood Transfus"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.13303\/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2021.07.001","article-title":"Expert consensus on preparation technology of autologous platelet-rich plasma","volume":"34","author":"Shan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin J Blood Transfus"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B8","volume-title":"Technical Manual","author":"Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies","year":"2022","edition":"21st"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14223","article-title":"The use of platelets in regenerative medicine and proposal for a new classification system: guidance from the SSC of the ISTH","volume":"16","author":"Harrison","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2008.02033.x","article-title":"Identification of an optimal concentration of platelet gel for promoting angiogenesis in human endothelial cells","volume":"49","author":"Giusti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2017.4726","article-title":"Optimization of pure platelet-rich plasma preparation: a comparative study of pure platelet-rich plasma obtained using different centrifugal conditions in a single-donor model","volume":"14","author":"Yin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7794","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207794","article-title":"Platelet-rich plasma: new performance understandings and therapeutic considerations in 2020","volume":"21","author":"Everts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2003.00514.x","article-title":"Randomized placebo-controlled study of oral calcium carbonate administration in plateletpheresis: I. Associations with donor symptoms","volume":"43","author":"Bolan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s40634-019-0190-8","article-title":"Optimization of leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma preparation: a validation study of leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma obtained using different preparer, storage, and activation methods","volume":"6","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Exp Orthop"},{"key":"2026080622090378300_lmag047-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1007\/s12288-022-01529-x","article-title":"Quality analysis of autologous platelet-rich plasmapheresis","volume":"38","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus"}],"container-title":["Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article-pdf\/57\/5\/lmag047\/70513154\/lmag047.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article-pdf\/57\/5\/lmag047\/70513154\/lmag047.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T02:09:09Z","timestamp":1786068549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/labmed\/lmag047\/8753726"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/labmed\/lmag047","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-5027","1943-7730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-5027","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-7730","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"article-number":"lmag047"}}