{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:26:49Z","timestamp":1787009209061,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Changchun Key R&D Program","award":["21ZGN16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZGN16"]}]},{"name":"Middle and Young People Project of Jilin Province","award":["20230508004RC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20230508004RC"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\u00a0<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The intestinal microbiota drives the maturation of the immune system, which is essential for maintaining lifetime homeostasis. Whether fecal microbiota transplantation can promote the development of the immune system in chicks? On days 1, 3, and 5, the post-hatch Hy-line Brown chicks were treated with fecal suspension from breeding hens. Intestinal length, blood biochemical indicators, the morphology of immune organs, and intestinal immunity-related indicators were focused on days 7 and 14. Short-chain fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. We discovered that fecal microbial transplantation significantly increased the area of the follicles and medulla from the bursa of Fabricius, as well as the area of the medulla, cortex, and both ratios from the thymus on 14\u2009d, the concentration of butyric acid in feces, the levels of immunologically active substances (transforming growth factor-\u03b2, interleukin 10, forkhead box protein P3, G-Protein Coupled Receptor 43, immunoglobulin A, etc.) in serum or the intestine, and the number of goblet cells. Correlation analysis indicated that short-chain fatty acids, as metabolites of the gut microbiota, were correlated with intestinal immunity. In short, fecal microbiota transplantation regulated early intestinal immunity, which provided the possibility for the processing and utilization of gut microbiota as germplasm resources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact Statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Modern management of eggs causes the normal vertical transmission of microbiota from hens to be significantly reduced. The risk of environmental threats to newborn chicks is raised. The microbial community helps to mature the immune system of chicks and protect them from pathogen invasion. We still have doubts about whether transplanting the microbiota can regulate gut immunity. Using the gut microbiota of hens as an excellent resource to improve the immunity of chicks may provide new ideas for the development of the poultry industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/lambio\/ovad140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T09:30:48Z","timestamp":1702546248000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on early intestinal immune function and histomorphology of immune organs in chicks"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2940-2930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baolin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiongyi","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023122711364830400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2017.1349173","article-title":"Mucosal immune system of the gastrointestinal tract: maintaining balance between the good and the bad","volume":"52","author":"Ahluwalia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2023122711364830400_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103130","article-title":"Biophysiology of in ovo administered bioactive substances to improve gastrointestinal tract development, mucosal immunity, and microbiota in broiler chicks","volume":"102","author":"Ayalew","year":"2023","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"2023122711364830400_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-305X(02)00076-9","article-title":"Establishment of immune competence in the avian GALT during the immediate post-hatch period","volume":"27","author":"Bar-Shira","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol"},{"key":"2023122711364830400_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.08.011","article-title":"IgA responses to microbiota","volume":"49","author":"Bunker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2023122711364830400_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex359","article-title":"The gastrointestinal microbiome and its association with the control of pathogens in broiler chicken production: a review","volume":"97","author":"Clavijo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"2023122711364830400_bib6","first-page":"743","article-title":"Fern\u00e1ndez Miyakawa ME. 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