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This bacterium produces several virulence factors, including capsules, fimbriae, lipopolysaccharides, proteolytic enzymes, and hemagglutinins. A comparative genomic analysis revealed the open pangenome of P. gingivalis and identified complete type IV secretion systems in strain KCOM2805 and almost complete type VI secretion systems in strains KCOM2798 and ATCC49417, which is a new discovery as previous studies did not find the proteins involved in secretion systems IV and VI. Conservation of some virulence factors between different strains was observed, regardless of their genetic diversity and origin. In addition, we performed for the first time a reconstruction analysis of the gene regulatory network, identifying transcription factors and proteins involved in the regulatory mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis. In particular, QseB regulates the expression of hemagglutinin and arginine deaminase, while Rex may suppress the release of gingipain through interactions with PorV and the formatum\/nitrate transporter. Our study highlights the central role of conserved virulence factors and regulatory pathways, particularly QseB and Rex, in P. gingivalis and provides insights into potential therapeutic targets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/lambio\/ovae048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T03:45:28Z","timestamp":1716263128000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Comprehensive comparative analysis of the periodontal pathogen <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/i>: exploring the pan-genome, the reconstruction of the gene regulatory network and genome-scale metabolic network"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Diana C","family":"Miranda-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional , Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 11340 , M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernesto","family":"P\u00e9rez-Rueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Acad\u00e9mica del Estado de Yucat\u00e1n, Instituto de Investigaciones en Matem\u00e1ticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico , M\u00e9rida 97357 , M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Rojas-Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Western , London, Ontario N6A 3K7 , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western , London, Ontario N6A 3K7 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia Hern\u00e1ndez","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Bioqu\u00edmica Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional , Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 11340 , M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7172-0561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andres","family":"Salda\u00f1a-Padilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional , Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 11340 , M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo G","family":"Castel\u00e1n-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Investigadoras e Investigadores por M\u00e9xico. Grupo de Gen\u00f3mica y Din\u00e1mica Evolutiva de Microorganismos Emergentes, Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas , Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 03940 , M\u00e9xico"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University , London, Ontario N6A 3K7 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7496-8247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Graciela","family":"Castro-Escarpulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional , Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 11340 , 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