{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T04:15:00Z","timestamp":1787804100779,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":251,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,23]],"date-time":"2023-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In recent decades, the global prevalence of metabolic syndrome has surged, posing a significant public health challenge. Metabolic disorders, encompassing diabetes, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and polycystic ovarian syndrome, have been linked to alterations in the gut microbiota. Nonetheless, the connection between gut microbiota and host metabolic diseases warrants further investigation. In this review, we delve into the associations between various metabolic disorders and the gut microbiota, focusing on immune responses and bile acid (BA) metabolism. Notably, T helper cells, innate lymphoid cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells have been shown to modulate host metabolism through interactions with intestinal microorganisms and the release of cytokines. Furthermore, secondary BA metabolites, derived from the microbiota, are involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases via the farnesoid X receptor and Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5. By covering both aspects of this immune system-microorganism axis, we present a comprehensive overview of the roles played by the gut microbiota, microbiota-derived BA metabolites, and immune responses in metabolic diseases, as well as the interplay between these systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/lifemeta\/load032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,23]],"date-time":"2023-07-23T19:54:44Z","timestamp":1690142084000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Gut microbiota, immunity, and bile acid metabolism: decoding metabolic disease interactions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Qixiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing 100191 , China"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China"},{"name":"Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing 100191 , China"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China"},{"name":"Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing 100191 , China"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China"},{"name":"Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanli","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing 100191 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changtao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing 100191 , China"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and 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