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Seventy Wistar albino male rats were randomly divided into seven groups (ten rats\/group): control; STZ-induced diabetes; diabetic rats receiving daily oral doses of Nano-Cur, Cur, Nano-CrCl, CrCl, and Met. The present results show that all treated groups significantly alleviated diabetic neuropathy by restoring serum insulin and glucose levels, enhancing cerebral antioxidant activities and activating IR\/PI3K\/AKT, normalizing neurotransmitters, decreasing oxidative stress markers (MDA), and reducing inflammatory biomarkers and pyroptotic biomarkers. At the molecular level, the levels of GSK3B, JAK-2, STAT-3, AMPK, and BACE1 were significantly downregulated in all treated diabetic groups compared to the diabetic group, especially Nano-Cur and Met. However, Cur, Nano-CrCl, and CrCl did not cause any significant (p &amp;gt; 0.05) alteration in ACh levels compared to the diabetic group. Additionally, the Nano-Cur, Cur, and Met groups exhibited a marked increase in miRNA-223-3p and miRNA-124 levels, whereas Nano-CrCl and CrCl showed no significant changes in these miRNAs when compared to the diabetic group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mam\/ozag003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T12:19:49Z","timestamp":1768220389000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Neurotherapeutic Efficacy of Nano-curcumin or Nano-chromium Against Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Neuropathy via Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Pyroptosis, Tau Deposition, miR-223-3p and miR-124"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Abeer E","family":"Elsayed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University , K9 Matrouh Administration Building, Marsa Matrouh 51744 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