{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T18:50:24Z","timestamp":1784055024168,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20K07420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K07420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The prognosis of metastatic lung melanoma (MLM) has been reported to be poor. An increasing number of studies have reported the function of several immune cells in cancer regression. Although the function of mediastinal fat-associated lymphoid clusters (MFALCs) in the progression of inflammatory lung lesions has been previously reported, the association between MLM progression and MFALCs development has remained unexplored. Herein, we compared the microenvironmental changes in the lungs and MFALCs among phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and cancer groups at early (1 week) and late (2 weeks) stages following the intravenous injection of B16-F10 melanoma cells into C57BL\/6 mice. Except for lung CD4+ helper T-cells and Iba1+ macrophage populations of early stage, we observed a significant increase in the proliferating and immune cell (CD20+ B-lymphocytes, CD3+ T-lymphocytes, CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, CD16+ natural killer (NK) cells populations, area of high endothelial venules, and lung lymphatic vessels in cancer groups at both the stages as compared with the PBS groups. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was observed between immune cell populations in MFALCs and the lungs (B- and T-lymphocytes, and NK cells in both stages). Collectively, our findings suggest a promising cancer therapeutic strategy via targeting immune cells in MFALCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/micmic\/ozad044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T11:30:36Z","timestamp":1680348636000},"page":"1228-1243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Microenvironmental Changes in Mediastinal Fat-associated Lymphoid Clusters and Lungs in Early and Late Stages of Metastatic Lung Cancer Induction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7347-4587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaser Hosny Ali","family":"Elewa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University , Hokkaido 060-0818 , Japan"},{"name":"Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University , Zagazig 44519 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud M","family":"Abd Elwakil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0812 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyoshi","family":"Harashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0812 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherif Kh A","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University , Zagazig 44519 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud Hosny","family":"Zahran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University , Zagazig, 44519 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"2023060912173222600_ozad044-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807677","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201807677","article-title":"Lung-Endothelium-Targeted nanoparticles based on a pH-sensitive lipid and the GALA peptide enable robust gene silencing and the regression of metastatic lung cancer","volume":"29","author":"Abd Elwakil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Funct Mater"},{"key":"2023060912173222600_ozad044-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01869","article-title":"Natural killer cells: Development, maturation, and clinical utilization","volume":"9","author":"Abel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"16","key":"2023060912173222600_ozad044-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4037","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13164037","article-title":"Natural killer 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