{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T05:00:55Z","timestamp":1784782855515,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1-2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Many veterans qualify for health benefits but generally not dental care. This study examines differences in oral health status between veterans and nonveterans in the U.S. to determine how various factors, including socioeconomic, general health, and tobacco use, impact former service members\u2019 oral health.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data from 11,539 dentate adults participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2014) were used. Outcome variables included decayed teeth (DT), missing teeth (MT), filled teeth (FT), caries experience (DMFT), and periodontitis (PD). Covariates included demographic and socioeconomic factors, deployment, smoking, depression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. Logistic regression modelling was used to assess associations between these factors and oral health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Veterans represent about 9% of the U.S. population. There was a higher prevalence of PD, MT, FT, and DMFT among veterans than nonveterans. Veterans were more likely to have PD (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.5) and higher DMFT (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 2.4 to 3.4); however, after controlling for other covariates, military service was only associated with FT (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.6) and higher DMFT (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2 to 1.9).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Because veterans are more likely to originate from groups at a higher risk for poor oral health (older adults, smokers, males, diabetics), the prevalence of adverse oral health conditions are higher among veterans compared to nonveterans. Overall, military service is not associated with PD or untreated dental caries but is associated with indicators suggesting veterans have had more dental treatment (FT and DMFT). There is substantial unmet oral health care need primarily related to periodontitis among veterans.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usaa355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]],"date-time":"2020-10-02T19:33:42Z","timestamp":1601667222000},"page":"e149-e159","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Oral Health Status Among Adults With and Without Prior Active Duty Service in the U.S. Armed Forces, NHANES 2011-2014"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"186","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4361-2205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David K","family":"Schindler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tri-Service Center for Oral Health Studies,\u2009\u2009Uniformed Services University-Southern Region , JBSA-Ft. Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA"},{"name":"National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3985-4890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela V","family":"Lopez Mitnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida M","family":"Soliv\u00e1n-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tri-Service Center for Oral Health Studies,\u2009\u2009Uniformed Services University-Southern Region , JBSA-Ft. Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott P","family":"Irwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tri-Service Center for Oral Health Studies,\u2009\u2009Uniformed Services University-Southern Region , JBSA-Ft. Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9444-9436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahdokht","family":"Boroumand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce A","family":"Dye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2023060109563769700_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2012.07.029","article-title":"Health and health behavior differences: U.S. Military, veteran, and civilian men","volume":"43","author":"Hoerster","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023060109563769700_R2","first-page":"703","article-title":"Veterans and risk of heart disease in the United States: a cohort with 20 years of follow up","volume":"5","author":"Assari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023060109563769700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2015.06.011","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease risk factors among male veterans, U.S., 2009-2012","volume":"50","author":"Fryar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2023060109563769700_R4","first-page":"1","article-title":"The health of male veterans and nonveterans aged 25-64: United States, 2007-2010","volume":"101","author":"Kramarow","year":"2012","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023060109563769700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6701a2","article-title":"Tobacco product use among military veterans\u2014United States, 2010-2015","volume":"67","author":"Odani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2023060109563769700_R6","volume-title":"Health of Those Who Have Served Report","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023060109563769700_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/00004479-200604000-00010","article-title":"Oral conditions and quality of life","volume":"29","author":"Jones","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Ambul Care Manage"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023060109563769700_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.2001.65.4.tb03400.x","article-title":"Tobacco use and oral disease","volume":"65","author":"Winn","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Dent Educ"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023060109563769700_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.2174\/157339911797579205","article-title":"Diabetes and periodontal diseases: interplay and links","volume":"7","author":"Lakschevitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023060109563769700_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2014.01.009","article-title":"The association between poor dental health and depression: findings from a large-scale, population-based study (the NHANES study)","volume":"36","author":"O\u2019Neil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"2023060109563769700_R11","volume-title":"Oral Health and Low-Income Nonelderly Adults: A Review of Coverage and Access","author":"Licata","year":"2012"},{"key":"2023060109563769700_R12","author":"The Impact of Oral Disease in New York State","year":"2006"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023060109563769700_R13","first-page":"167","article-title":"Who joins the military? 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