{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T20:07:08Z","timestamp":1774555628297,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-16-1-0052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-16-1-0052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dual-task performance, in which an individual performs two tasks simultaneously, is compromised following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Proficient dual-task performance is essential in a military setting for both military member safety and execution of skilled tasks. To address the unique needs of military members, a portable dual-task assessment was developed incorporating an auditory dual-task task as a novel assessment module utilizing mobile-device technology. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a dual-task mobile device-based application that accurately quantifies cognitive and motor function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty, healthy, military-age civilians completed three cognitive tasks in single- and dual-task conditions with eyes open and closed: visual Stroop, auditory Stroop at 1.5- and 2.5-second stimulus presentation, and number discrimination. All dual-task conditions required the maintenance of postural stability while simultaneously completing a cognitive task.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no differences between single- and dual-task conditions for cognitive performance on any of the tests, and a ceiling effect was observed for the visual Stroop and auditory Stroop 1.5-second stimulus presentation (P\u2009&amp;gt;\u2009.05). Significant differences in postural stability were observed between the eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions in all single- and dual-task conditions (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01). Significant differences in postural stability were observed between the eyes-open single-task condition and all dual-task conditions (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Based on the performance of healthy young adults, the number discrimination task may be optimal for detecting subtle changes in dual-task performance. The detected differences found between the eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions provide discriminatory value and insight into the reliance of vision of postural stability performance. While dual-task cognitive performance was not observed in this healthy population, individuals with mTBI may exhibit decreased dual-task performance. The independent evaluation of cognitive and motor function under dual-task conditions has the potential to transform the management and treatment of mTBI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usaa404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T01:54:24Z","timestamp":1611626064000},"page":"58-64","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Quantification of Dual-task Performance in Healthy Young Adults Suitable for Military Use"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"186","author":[{"given":"Amanda L","family":"Penko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan M","family":"Linder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44195, 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