{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T11:01:26Z","timestamp":1790420486127,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) can be a debilitating condition observed in athletes, including military service members. Surgical fascial release, first described in 1956, has long been a standard treatment despite symptom recurrence in up to 45% of surgically treated military service members. A 2013 case series introduced intracompartmental Botulinum Toxin-A (BoNT-A) injections as a nonsurgical CECS treatment option, demonstrating efficacy for 15 of 16 patients. At the time of this submission, two additional case reports addressing BoNT-A injections for CECS have occurred. This case report describes a U.S. Military service member treated with ultrasound-guided BoNT-A for bilateral lower leg CECS. This patient achieved pain-free activities for 36\u2009months with one treatment. This case, coupled with additional literature, supports consideration of BoNT-A as a potential long-term, nonsurgical alternative for CECS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usab253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T11:10:46Z","timestamp":1624533046000},"page":"e1310-e1313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome Treated With Botulinum Toxin-A Yielding 36-Month Total Symptom Relief: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Maxwell","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tacoma, WA 98402 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert Maxwell","family":"Lystrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Davis-Monthan AFB , AZ 85707, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher E","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crofton , MD 21114, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2023051613352986700_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(20)30283-0","article-title":"Chronic leg pain in the athlete","volume":"13","author":"Clanton","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023051613352986700_R2","first-page":"335","article-title":"Chronic exertional compartment syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Shah","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023051613352986700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.31.1.21","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of chronic exertional compartment syndromes: a review of the literature","volume":"31","author":"Barnes","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023051613352986700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2016.01.069","article-title":"Surgical management for chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the leg: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"Dominic Campano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023051613352986700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513499183","article-title":"Intramuscular pressure before and after botulinum toxin in chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the leg: a preliminary study","volume":"41","author":"Isner-Hrorbeti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023051613352986700_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000289","article-title":"Botulinum toxin for chronic exertional compartment syndrome: a case report with 14 month follow-up","volume":"26","author":"Baria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"2023051613352986700_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e458","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usy223","article-title":"Botulinum toxin as a novel treatment for chronic exertional compartment syndrome in the U.S. Military","volume":"184","author":"Hutto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mil Med"}],"container-title":["Military Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/milmed\/article-pdf\/188\/5-6\/e1310\/50342288\/usab253.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/milmed\/article-pdf\/188\/5-6\/e1310\/50342288\/usab253.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T13:37:03Z","timestamp":1684244223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/milmed\/article\/188\/5-6\/e1310\/6308750"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5-6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/milmed\/usab253","relation":{},"ISSN":["0026-4075","1930-613X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0026-4075","type":"print"},{"value":"1930-613X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]}}}