{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:44:15Z","timestamp":1790703855334,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11-12","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12HD085850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12HD085850"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016220","name":"Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR002378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002378"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016220","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are common in service members and veterans, and the response to currently available treatments is often modest at best. Recent studies suggest potential benefit with psychedelic-assisted therapies (PATs), particularly 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted therapy for PTSD and psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression. This study examined beliefs and perceived barriers regarding PAT among service members and veterans to inform the delivery of these treatments if they are approved by the FDA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twenty-one service members and veterans (67% male, 81% White, and 43% active duty) with a history of traumatic brain injury and co-occurring cognitive and psychological symptoms completed a measure assessing baseline knowledge and views of PAT, read a brief psychoeducation regarding PAT, and then responded to questions related to their beliefs and perceived barriers to PAT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Before psychoeducation, participants reported a neutral view of psychedelic drugs (M\u2009=\u20092.76; range: 1-5), PAT (M\u2009=\u20093.33), and interest in PAT (M\u2009=\u20093.10). After psychoeducation, participants reported a significantly more positive view of psychedelic drugs (M\u2009=\u20093.24, P\u2009=\u2009.014) and interest in PAT (M\u2009=\u20093.67, P\u2009=\u2009.016). Overall, participants indicated that they would support PAT availability in medical settings if proven beneficial (M\u2009=\u20094.52; 5\u2009=\u2009\u201cagree strongly\u201d) and they would support a loved one engaging in PAT (M\u2009=\u20094.29). The most frequently reported health concerns were concern of long-term effects (43%), fear of losing their mind (33%), fear of personality changes (33%), and fear of traumatic brain injury complications (24%). The most frequently endorsed barriers were time commitment, transportation, financial concerns, work, and childcare (33%-19%), with 48% reporting no barriers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This is the first study to explore beliefs and perceived barriers regarding PAT among service members and veterans. These results indicate that military populations may be interested in PAT, particularly if psychoeducation and outreach regarding these treatments occurred. If FDA approved, it will be important to facilitate command support and address logistical barriers to ensure appropriate access within military contexts.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usac400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]],"date-time":"2022-12-24T06:31:18Z","timestamp":1671863478000},"page":"e3356-e3362","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Beliefs and Perceived Barriers Regarding Psychedelic-assisted Therapy in a Pilot Study of Service Members and Veterans With a History of Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5351-561X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua C","family":"Gray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University , Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikela","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University , Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sierra E","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Georgia State University , Atlanta, GA 30303, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew W","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron S","family":"Wolfgang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Department, Brooke Army Medical Center , Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University , Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06511, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University , Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4768-7332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica L","family":"Maples-Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2023110723491795800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01336-3","article-title":"MDMA-assisted therapy for severe PTSD: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study","volume":"27","author":"Mitchell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"2023110723491795800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2032994","article-title":"Trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression","volume":"384","author":"Carhart-Harris","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023110723491795800_R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.3285","article-title":"Effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy on major depressive disorder","volume":"78","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"2023110723491795800_R4","article-title":"COMPASS Pathways announces phase 3 pivotal program design for COMP360 in treatment resistant depression at capital markets day"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110723491795800_R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22653","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder treatment dropout among military and veteran populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Edwards-Stewart","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023110723491795800_R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.20825","article-title":"First-line psychotherapies for military-related PTSD","volume":"323","author":"Steenkamp","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023110723491795800_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2021.06.001","article-title":"Any questions? 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