{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:24:15Z","timestamp":1790706255307,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000090","name":"Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PT190176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT190176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000090","name":"Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PT190176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT190176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sexual assault in the U.S. Military is a serious concern. Recruiting representative samples of service members to participate in sexual assault research is essential for understanding the scope of the problem and generating data that can inform prevention and intervention efforts. Accordingly, the current study aims to examine response and completion rates of an anonymous survey of sexual assault and alcohol use among active duty sailors aged 18 to 24 with the overarching goal of achieving a representative sample and informing future recruitment efforts.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the Naval Health Research Center. The study involved an anonymous survey of sexual assault and alcohol use among 612 active duty sailors aged 18 to 24. Since 79.6% of Navy service members are men and 20.4% are women, women were oversampled to achieve sufficient representation. Survey invitations were emailed to 12,031 active duty sailors: 64.3% (n\u2009=\u20097,738) men and 35.7% (n\u2009=\u20094,293) women.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Response rates were disproportionate, with 3.0% (n\u2009=\u2009234) of male and 8.8% (n\u2009=\u2009377) of female sailors responding to the study invitation. Survey completion rates, however, were similar between male and female sailors (81.2% and 80.1% for male and female personnel, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Results demonstrated that female sailors were significantly more likely than male sailors to participate in a study of sexual assault and alcohol use. However, once enrolled in the study, male and female sailors completed the 234-item questionnaire at a similar rate. Study findings highlight the challenges of engaging male service members in sexual assault\u2013related research. Despite the disproportionately high representation of men in the military, sexual assault researchers may need to sample according to the overall distribution of gender in the military or perhaps even oversample men to achieve a representative sample.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usae098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T16:35:45Z","timestamp":1724085345000},"page":"298-305","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sexual Assault Research in the Military: Is Oversampling Necessary for Representativeness?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"189","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1122-036X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin L","family":"Miggantz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leidos, Inc., 4161 Campus Point Court , San Diego, CA 92121, USA"},{"name":"Psychological Health and Readiness Department, Naval Health Research Center , San Diego, CA 92106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica R","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Georgia State University , Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2464-2716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristen H","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychological Health and Readiness Department, Naval Health Research Center , San Diego, CA 92106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Georgia State University , Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3703-5691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Travis N","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leidos, Inc., 4161 Campus Point Court , San Diego, CA 92121, USA"},{"name":"Psychological Health and Readiness Department, Naval Health Research Center , San Diego, CA 92106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia C","family":"Hollingsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leidos, Inc., 4161 Campus Point Court , San Diego, CA 92121, USA"},{"name":"Psychological Health and Readiness Department, Naval Health Research Center , San Diego, CA 92106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoe Y","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Rhode Island Hospital , Providence, RI 02904, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Meza-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Rhode Island Hospital , Providence, RI 02904, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5376-9206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda K","family":"Gilmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy & Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University , Atlanta, GA 30302-3995, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9048-3576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lindsay M","family":"Orchowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Rhode Island Hospital , Providence, RI 02904, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence, RI 02904, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2055-4858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly Cue","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University , Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2024082004110550300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1037\/mil0000144","article-title":"Victims of sexual harassment and sexual assault in the military: understanding risks and promoting recovery","volume":"30","author":"Bell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mil Psychol"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R2","article-title":"Unwanted Sexual Contact Reporting and Sexual Harassment Complaints in the Active Component: Findings from the 2021 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Military Members","author":"Breslin","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R3","article-title":"2018 Department of Defense health related behaviors survey (HRBS): results for the active component","author":"Meadows","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R4","article-title":"Sexual assault and sexual harassment in the U.S. Military: Volume 4","volume-title":"Investigations of Potential Bias in Estimates from the 2014 RAND Military Workplace Study","author":"Morral","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2024082004110550300_R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/19419899.2020.1729846","article-title":"Does sexual orientation moderate the relationship between posttraumatic cognitions and mental health outcomes following sexual assault?","volume":"12","author":"Newins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol Sex"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/313909","article-title":"Mental and physical health and intimate partner violence against women: a review of the literature","volume":"2013","author":"Dillon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Family Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082004110550300_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsp118","article-title":"Long-term physical health consequences of childhood sexual abuse: a meta-analytic review","volume":"35","author":"Irish","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatric Psychol"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R8","article-title":"Risk factors for sexual assault and sexual harassment in the U.S. Military: findings from the 2014 RAND Military Workplace Study","author":"Schell","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R9","article-title":"Predicting 36-month attrition in the U.S. Military","author":"Marrone","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024082004110550300_R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e53","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000596","article-title":"Longitudinal investigation of military-specific factors associated with continued unhealthy alcohol use among a large US military cohort","volume":"14","author":"Jacobson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Addict Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082004110550300_R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2010.550868","article-title":"Alcohol use and misuse within the military: a review","volume":"23","author":"Jones","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Rev Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024082004110550300_R12","first-page":"401","article-title":"Alcohol and stress in the military","volume":"34","author":"Schumm","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alcohol Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024082004110550300_R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1037\/hea0001048","article-title":"Alcohol-involved sexual aggression: emotion regulation as a mechanism of behavior change","volume":"40","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"issue":"15","key":"2024082004110550300_R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260515591280","article-title":"Alcohol expectancy, drinking behavior, and sexual victimization among female and male college students","volume":"32","author":"Tyler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024082004110550300_R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000353","article-title":"A longitudinal event-level investigation of alcohol intoxication, alcohol-related blackouts, childhood sexual abuse, and sexual victimization among college students","volume":"32","author":"Wilhite","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R16","article-title":"2018 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of the Active Duty Military: Results and Trends","volume-title":"OPA Report No. 2019-024","author":"Office of People Analytics","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024082004110550300_R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000244","article-title":"The proximal effects of acute alcohol use on female aggression: a meta-analytic review of the experimental literature","volume":"31","author":"Crane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024082004110550300_R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801209340759","article-title":"Women\u2019s awareness of and discomfort with sexual assault cues: effects of alcohol consumption and relationship type","volume":"15","author":"Davis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Violence Against Women"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7249\/RR1695","article-title":"2015 Department of Defense Health Related Behaviors Survey (HRBS)","author":"Meadows","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082004110550300_R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2006.05.009","article-title":"Millennium cohort: enrollment begins a 21-year contribution to understanding the impact of military service","volume":"60","author":"Ryan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R21","article-title":"2016 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Members: Overview Report","volume-title":"OPA Report No. 2016-050","author":"Davis","year":"2017"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R22","article-title":"2010 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Members. Overview Report on Sexual Harassment","volume-title":"DMDC Report No. 2011-023","author":"Rock","year":"2011"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-90","article-title":"The impact of deployment experience and prior healthcare utilization on enrollment in a large military cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Horton","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R24","article-title":"Understanding low survey response rates among young U.S. Military personnel","author":"Miller","year":"2015"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R25","article-title":"Information and communication technologies to promote social and psychological well-being in the Air Force: a 2012 survey of airmen","author":"Miller","year":"2014"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-132","article-title":"Predictors of web-based follow-up response in the Prevention of Low Back Pain in the Military Trial (POLM)","volume":"12","author":"Childs","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R27","article-title":"Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Military Community and Family Policy","volume-title":"2020 Demographics Profile of the Military Community","author":"Department of Defense","year":"2020"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024082004110550300_R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2007.03.013","article-title":"Participation rates in epidemiologic studies","volume":"17","author":"Galea","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024082004110550300_R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh141","article-title":"Patterns of consent in epidemiologic research: evidence from over 25,000 responders","volume":"159","author":"Dunn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082004110550300_R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0215(200002)9999:9999","article-title":"Residential magnetic fields as a risk factor for childhood acute leukaemia: results from a German population-based case-control study","volume":"91","author":"Sch\u00fcz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082004110550300_R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2004.12.009","article-title":"Selection bias due to differential participation in a case\u2013control study of mobile phone use and brain tumors","volume":"15","author":"Lahkola","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082004110550300_R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.60.5.336","article-title":"Effects of bioaerosol polluted outdoor air on airways of residents: a cross sectional study","volume":"60","author":"Herr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024082004110550300_R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/JFN.0000000000000033","article-title":"Victimization and perpetration of sexual violence in college-aged men and women","volume":"10","author":"Sutherland","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Forensic Nurs"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024082004110550300_R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-019-00116-5","article-title":"Sex differences in problem alcohol use in high school as a function of recent sexual violence victimization or perpetration","volume":"35","author":"Badour","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fam Viol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024082004110550300_R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/0743558406294916","article-title":"Silence speaks volumes: parental sexual communication among Asian American emerging adults","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Adolesc Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024082004110550300_R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2013.826168","article-title":"The cultural context of nondisclosure of alcohol-involved acquaintance rape among Asian American college women: a qualitative study","volume":"52","author":"Koo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Sex Res"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R37","article-title":"The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) 2016\/2017: Report on Victimization by Sexual Identity","author":"Chen","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024082004110550300_R38","article-title":"Office of The Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Military Community and Family Policy","volume-title":"2022 Demographics Profile of the Military Community","author":"Department of Defense","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["Military Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/milmed\/article-pdf\/189\/Supplement_3\/298\/58855403\/usae098.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/milmed\/article-pdf\/189\/Supplement_3\/298\/58855403\/usae098.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T04:14:03Z","timestamp":1724127243000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/milmed\/article\/189\/Supplement_3\/298\/7735948"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Supplement_3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/milmed\/usae098","relation":{},"ISSN":["0026-4075","1930-613X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0026-4075","type":"print"},{"value":"1930-613X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]}}}