{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:58:43Z","timestamp":1760162323151,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a stronger predictor of mortality than traditional risk factors and is a neglected vital sign of health. Enhanced fitness is a cornerstone in diabetes management and is most often delivered concurrently with pharmacological agents, which can have an opposing impact, as has been reported with metformin. Considering the rapid evolution of diabetes medications with improved cardiovascular outcomes, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, it is of importance to consider the influence of these vis-a-vis effects on CRF.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Combining the words glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors with cardiorespiratory fitness, an online search was done using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Cochrane.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were only a few randomized controlled studies that included CRF, and the results were mostly neutral. A handful of smaller studies detected improved CRF using sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with congestive heart failure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Since CRF is a superior prognosticator for cardiovascular outcomes and both medications can cause lean muscle mass loss, the current review highlights the paucity of relevant interactive analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usae311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T10:50:25Z","timestamp":1718362225000},"page":"2369-2373","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Interaction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, VAMC , Washington, DC 20422,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kokkinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, VAMC , Washington, DC 20422,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University , Newark, NJ 07103,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences , Washington, DC 20037,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9771-9120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric S","family":"Nylen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, VAMC , Washington, DC 20422,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024110620112443200_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2021.03.011","article-title":"Peripheral oxygen extraction and exercise limitation in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus","volume":"149","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"24","key":"2024110620112443200_R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e653","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000461","article-title":"American heart association physical activity committee of the council on lifestyle and cardiometabolic health; council on clinical cardiology; council on epidemiology and prevention; council on cardiovascular and stroke nursing; council on functional genomics and translational biology; stroke council. 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