{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:21:22Z","timestamp":1758759682285,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9-10","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK106415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK106415"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006380","name":"Rehabilitation Research and Development Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1IK2RX003634"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1IK2RX003634"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006380","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006380","name":"Rehabilitation Research and Development Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1IK2RX002807-01A2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1IK2RX002807-01A2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006380","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012462","name":"Office of Academic Affiliations, Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012462","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK106415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK106415"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006380","name":"Rehabilitation Research and Development Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1IK2RX003634"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1IK2RX003634"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006380","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006380","name":"Rehabilitation Research and Development Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1IK2RX002807-01A2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1IK2RX002807-01A2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006380","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012462","name":"Office of Academic Affiliations, Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012462","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overweight and obesity are critical public health concerns with relevance to U.S. military personnel, as active duty service members must meet physical fitness and body composition standards. Biological sex and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis may affect service members\u2019 weight management efforts, but it is unclear what contribution each of these factors independently or in combination have on weight loss.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Addressing this gap in knowledge, the current study used multilevel models to examine the effects of sex and self-reported PTSD diagnosis on change in weight of active duty Navy service members (n\u2009=\u2009178, 61% female, 24% PTSD) over the course of and after a behavioral weight management intervention.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>On average, participants\u2019 weights decreased significantly during the intervention (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001), and there was a significant sex-by-PTSD interaction effect such that male participants without a self-reported PTSD diagnosis and female participants with a self-reported PTSD diagnosis lost significantly more weight during the intervention than their counterparts (P\u2009=\u2009.015). The main effects of sex and self-reported PTSD diagnosis on weight change during the intervention were nonsignificant (P\u2019s\u2009\u2265\u2009.24). While weight remained stable on average during the follow-up period (P\u2009=\u2009.28), female sex marginally predicted weight loss during the follow-up period (P\u2009=\u2009.07), whereas self-reported PTSD diagnosis and the sex-by-PTSD interaction were not significant (P\u2019s\u2009\u2265\u2009.16).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These results highlight the importance of considering both sex and PTSD diagnosis as factors that together may influence the efficacy of behavioral weight management programs for active duty service members.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>NCT01757847<\/jats:p>\n               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92161,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California , San Diego, CA 92093,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health , San Diego, CA 92161,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2815-5974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennalee S","family":"Wooldridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Care Line, VA San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego, CA 92161,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California , San Diego, CA 92093,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health , San Diego, CA 92161,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew S","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Care Line, VA San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego, CA 92161,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California , San Diego, CA 92093,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health , San Diego, CA 92161,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6489-378X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niloofar","family":"Afari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Care Line, VA San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego, CA 92161,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California , San Diego, CA 92093,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health , San Diego, CA 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