{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T23:13:52Z","timestamp":1773789232112,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Department of Defense Blast Injury Research Program Coordinating Office held an International State-of-the-Science Meeting in 2015 to consider and reach consensus about the current body of knowledge relating to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in the military. The two biggest future priority areas identified at that time related to the need for more research on CTE neuropathologic change (CTE-NC) and more research on clinical diagnostic criteria. Both have occurred and have yielded important findings. This commentary article addresses these two high priority recommendations, a decade after the state-of-the-science meeting, by reviewing recently published studies. We also add new data to the literature relating to CTE-NC in military veterans. We examined data from the Lieber Institute for Brain Development brain repository. Brain donors were 163 men with a mean age of 66 years at the time of death (range\u2009=\u200950-96), 70 of whom served in the military (42.9%), with 15 reportedly experiencing combat (9.2%). Tissue samples were screened to determine if they had definitive CTE-NC or \u2018features\u2019 of CTE-NC. No case had definitive CTE-NC. There were 4.3% of the civilian group who had \u2018features of CTE-NC\u2019 (4\/93) and 7.1% of the veteran group had features of CTE-NC (5\/70). Based on our review it is unclear how common CTE-NC is in military veterans; it is possible that it is uncommon. There are no validated clinical diagnostic criteria for CTE, and recent studies have illustrated that CTE-NC is not associated with depression, suicidality, anxiety, irritability, impulsivity, explosivity, verbal violence, physical violence, or substance abuse.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usaf553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T11:46:38Z","timestamp":1762775198000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathologic Change in Military Veterans"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7348-9570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grant L","family":"Iverson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA 02115,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital , Charlestown, MA 02129,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding Rehabilitation , Charlestown, MA 02129,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Mass General Hospital for Children Sports Concussion Program , Boston, MA 02451,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Home Base, A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program , Charlestown, MA 02129,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pouya","family":"Jamshidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago, IL 60611,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Deep-Soboslay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus , Baltimore, MD 21205,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas M","family":"Hyde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus , Baltimore, MD 21205,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21205,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21205,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joel E","family":"Kleinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus , Baltimore, MD 21205,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21205,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda O","family":"Fisher-Hubbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine , Kalamazoo, MI 49007,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joyce L","family":"deJong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0399-3218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire E","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Australia, Margarete Ainsworth Building , Randwick, NSW 2031,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales , Kensington, NSW,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lili-Naz","family":"Hazrati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rudolph J","family":"Castellani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago, IL 60611,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025111006463309200_usaf553-B1","author":"Department of Defense","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025111006463309200_usaf553-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5222","article-title":"Military blast exposure and chronic neurodegeneration: summary of working groups and expert panel findings and 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