{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T14:15:26Z","timestamp":1789827326087,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Precision nutrition during military activities is an emerging concept aimed at enhancing physical performance. Energy balance is a fundamental aspect of precision nutrition. This study aims to quantify the relationship between body weight and energy expenditure during military activities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis assessed baseline anthropometric measurements of 362 Belgian male soldiers. Triaxial accelerometers evaluated energy expenditure and step count during a cumulative total of 4,701 man-days. The Oxford equation evaluated resting metabolic rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Body weight (kg) ranged from 75 to 83, and body fat percentage between 14.2 and 22.0. Mean step counts a day ranged from 11,592 for recruits to 19,241 for Special Forces. Total energy expenditure varied between 2,890 and 4,209 kcal.d\u22121. A multivariate linear regression analysis, with step count and body weight as independent variables, was conducted to assess their relationship with energy expenditure as the dependent variable. The modeled differences highlight the significant impact of body weight on energy expenditure. For instance, at a given step count, an increase in body weight from 70 to 90 kg resulted in a difference in total energy expenditure of approximately 1,800 kcal.d\u22121. Additionally, for every extra kilogram of body weight, total energy expenditure increased by 48 kcal.d\u22121.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Unlike the one-size-fits-all approach, precision nutrition seeks to optimize soldier performance by tailoring dietary strategies to individual metabolic profiles. As energy balance is a central principle of precision nutrition, our findings underscore the critical influence of body weight on the accurate estimation of energy requirements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usaf573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T13:06:00Z","timestamp":1762520760000},"page":"e1516-e1521","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optimizing Military Performance Through Precision Nutrition: A\u00a0Focus on Body Weight-Dependent Energy Expenditure"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"191","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5592-3169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Mullie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Elisabeth Barracks, Belgian Defence , Evere B-1140,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"VItal signs and PERformance Monitoring Research Unit, Royal Military Academy , Brussels 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