{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:29:10Z","timestamp":1786120150109,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":36,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000090","name":"Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["W81XWH1910591"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH1910591"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Detecting and estimating blood volume loss are important for the diagnosis and management of life-threatening hemorrhage. There is a direct relationship between percent blood volume loss (BVL%) and falling in stroke volume (SV); furthermore, there is a direct relationship between diminishing SV and the corrected flow time of the carotid artery (ccFT). Therefore, we hypothesized that change in ccFT (ccFT\u0394) would directly relate with BVL% in a phlebotomy paradigm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective, convenience sample of healthy volunteers was studied. Volunteers underwent blood donation protocol in a physiology lab. A wireless, wearable Doppler ultrasound system monitored ccFT during blood donation. Traditional vital signs were also measured throughout. The relationship between traditional vital signs as well as ccFT\u0394 were compared to BVL% using 2 mixed linear regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 20 subjects and blood donations comprising 46,123 cardiac cycles are included. On average 413.5\u2009\u00b1\u200939 mL of blood were drawn representing 8.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6% BVL%. There was a significant and strong linear relationship between BVL% and ccFT\u0394 during blood draw with the regression slope demonstrating that for every 1 ms reduction in ccFT there was a 0.4% reduction in blood volume.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In healthy subjects and when blood loss is the sole mechanism for falling SV, we estimate that for every 1 ms reduction in ccFT, there is an approximate 0.4 BVL%. Validation of these results in patients with traumatic hemorrhage is underway.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usag109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T11:48:10Z","timestamp":1775130490000},"page":"386-392","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Estimating Blood Volume Loss With Wireless, Wearable Ultrasound: A Pilot Investigation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"191","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3654-1146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon-Emile S","family":"Kenny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, Health Sciences North Research Institute Walford Site , Greater Sudbury, ON P3E 2H9,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Hebscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering, Flosonics Medical , Toronto, ON M5V 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