{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T09:30:21Z","timestamp":1758274221692},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,22]],"date-time":"2019-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Combat wound infection is a common and serious complication, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. In 2005, a point of injury antimicrobial protocol was published by the Israel Defense Forces, in which Moxifloxacin was chosen. During 2016\u20132017, a revision of this protocol was performed and concluded with the publication of an updated protocol. The purpose of this report is to present this process and the revised protocol, together with a review of the literature.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We searched \u201cMedline\u201d and \u201cGoogle Scholar\u201d for studies dealing with antimicrobial prophylaxis in trauma, for militaries\u2019 point of injury antimicrobial protocol protocols and for established surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis protocols.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Point of injury antimicrobial protocol is aimed at preventing early infection and its complications. The choice of Moxifloxacin for this purpose may not be optimal since Moxifloxacin spectrum might be overly broad, there is scant evidence supporting it for this indication, and the available preparation does not meet distinctive technical requirements. Contrarily, Ceftriaxone seemed to have suitable microbiological, pharmacological and technical features.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Point of injury antimicrobial protocol should be used especially when evacuation and definitive surgical treatment are delayed. According to present scientific data and operational needs, Ceftriaxone was chosen for most penetrating injuries, with Metronidazole addition for penetrating abdominal and cranial trauma.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usy292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,22]],"date-time":"2019-03-22T16:00:09Z","timestamp":1553270409000},"page":"78-82","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Israeli Defense Forces Point of Injury Antimicrobial Treatment Protocol \u2013 A New Protocol and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"Yuval","family":"Glick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Surgeon General\u2019s Headquarters, Military POB 02149 Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Military Postal Code, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariel","family":"Furer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Surgeon General\u2019s Headquarters, Military POB 02149 Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Military Postal Code, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Glick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department \u201cA\u2019, Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, 7 Ha-Refua St., Ashdod, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avraham","family":"Yitzhak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Surgeon General\u2019s Headquarters, Military POB 02149 Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Military Postal Code, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tal","family":"Brosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Surgeon General\u2019s Headquarters, Military POB 02149 Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Military Postal Code, Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Blvd., Be\u2019er-Sheva, Israel"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, 7 Ha-Refua St., Ashdod, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019122604575604500_usy292C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S138","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31819d894c","article-title":"Infections in combat casualties during Operations Iraqi and Enduring Freedom","volume":"66","author":"Murray","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2019122604575604500_usy292C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000259433.03754.98","article-title":"Causes of death in U.S. Special Operations Forces in the global war on terrorism: 2001\u20132004","volume":"245","author":"Holcomb","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann 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