{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T05:52:16Z","timestamp":1773640336720,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"War Related Illness and Injury Center"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cortical thickness and diffusion properties can be served as an indicator of aging and other brain changes such as those related to brain injury. It can additionally provide another platform by which we can characterize the injury and its associated symptoms, especially in the chronic condition.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We examined the changes in cortical thickness and diffusion properties in white matter tracts in 51 patients with and without traumatic brain injury (TBI) and\/or self-report chronic symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Significant cortical thinning was observed in the frontal lobe and temporal lobe for TBI patients with chronic symptoms, but not for TBI patients without chronic symptoms, compared with control group. Significant reduction in fractional anisotropy occurred on average across left and right major fiber tracts for TBI patients with chronic symptoms. No mean diffusivity changes were found in any individual white matter tract for TBI patients with or without chronic symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Traumatic brain injury patients with chronic symptoms have more significant cortical thinning or degeneration of diffusion properties than the mild to severe TBI patients without chronic symptoms. This finding suggests that symptom reporting should be assessed in line with objective measures in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usz213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T20:00:57Z","timestamp":1582142457000},"page":"168-175","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Cortical Thickness and Diffusion Properties in the Injured Brain: The Influence of Chronic Health Complaints"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Maheen M","family":"Adamson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System (VAPAHCS), 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94304"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith L","family":"Main","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System (VAPAHCS), 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304"},{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Headquarters, 1335 East West Highway Suite 6-100, Silver Spring, MD 20910"},{"name":"War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna-Clare","family":"Milazzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Headquarters, 1335 East West Highway Suite 6-100, Silver Spring, MD 20910"},{"name":"War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salil","family":"Soman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305"},{"name":"War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304"},{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Kolakowsky-Hayner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ansgar J","family":"Furst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94304"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J Wesson","family":"Ashford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305"},{"name":"War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojian","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System (VAPAHCS), 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2020021911594810800_ref1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Detection of cortical thickness correlates of cognitive performance: reliability across MRI scan sessions, scanners, and field strengths","volume":"39","author":"Dickerson","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020021911594810800_ref2","first-page":"1497","article-title":"Surface area and cortical thickness descriptors reveal different attributes of the structural human brain networks","volume":"50","author":"Sanabria-Diaz","year":"2010"},{"issue":"11","key":"2020021911594810800_ref3","first-page":"2521","article-title":"Assessment of cortical degeneration in patients with parkinson's disease by voxel-based morphometry, cortical folding, and cortical 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