{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T23:38:14Z","timestamp":1780357094904,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command","award":["W81XWH-14-1-0532"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-14-1-0532"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Military personnel and civilian athletes are both at risk for mild traumatic brain injury. However, these groups are unique in their training and typical daily activities. A fundamental gap in the evaluation of military personnel following mild traumatic brain injury is the lack of military-specific normative reference data. This project aimed to determine if a separate normative sample should be used for military personnel on their performance of the Cleveland Clinic Concussion application and a recently developed dual-task module.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were collected from healthy military personnel (n\u00a0=\u00a0305) and civilians (n\u00a0=\u00a0281) 18 to 30\u00a0years of age. Participants completed the following assessments: simple and choice reaction time, Trail Making tests A&amp;B, processing speed test, single-task postural stability, single-task cognitive assessment, and dual-task assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Civilian participants outperformed military service members on all cognitive tasks under single- and dual-task conditions (P\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.04). The military group outperformed civilians on all postural stability tasks under single- and dual-task conditions (P\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Differences in cognitive performance and postural stability measures may be influenced by demographic differences between military and civilian cohorts. Thus, military-specific normative datasets must be established to optimize clinical interpretation of Cleveland Clinic Concussion assessments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usz261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T20:09:41Z","timestamp":1582142981000},"page":"176-183","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Military-Specific Normative Data for Cognitive and Motor Single- and Dual-Task Assessments for Use in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Assessment"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Morgan K","family":"McGrath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan M","family":"Linder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandy Miller","family":"Koop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maj Aaron J","family":"Ballantyne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Drive, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Lt Col","given":"Dale M","family":"Ahrendt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Drive, Fort Sam 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