{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T14:51:25Z","timestamp":1788187885062,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital","award":["805-C109-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["805-C109-05"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Psychological stress is associated with sedentary behavior, which may impair exercise performance. The aim of our study was to examine the association between psychological stress and physical fitness in military personnel.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A military cohort of 4080 subjects in Taiwan was used for the analysis. The Brief Symptoms Rating Scale (BSRS-5) includes items of anxiety, depression, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, and insomnia measured by a five-point Likert-type scale of 0\u20134. Psychological stress was defined as normal (n\u00a0=\u00a03657), slight (n\u00a0=\u00a0314), and great (n\u00a0=\u00a0109) by BSRS-5 score \u22645, 6\u20139, and \u226510, respectively. Aerobic fitness and anaerobic fitness were evaluated by the time of 3000-meter running and the numbers of 2-min sit-ups and 2-min push-ups, respectively. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were used to determine the relationship.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As compared with normal stress, slight and great stress were positive dose-dependently correlated with 3000-meter running time (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a09.09 and 14.44; P\u00a0=\u00a00.0032 and 0.048, respectively) after adjusting for age, sex, service specialty, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, hemoglobin levels, and exercise frequency. Similarly, those with slight stress were more likely to be the worst 10% performers in the 3000-meter run test relative to the normal individuals (odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals: 1.50, 1.00\u20132.24). By contrast, there was no relationship of psychological stress with the numbers of 2-min sit-ups and 2-min push-ups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings suggest that the presence of higher psychological stress on military personnel may reduce their cardiorespiratory fitness but not affect the anaerobic fitness.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usz469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]],"date-time":"2020-04-02T07:25:11Z","timestamp":1585812311000},"page":"e1240-e1246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Association of Psychological Stress with Physical Fitness in a Military Cohort: The CHIEF Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Ko-Huan","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jung","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Szu-Nian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital Beitou Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs Bureau, Ministry of National Defense, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Cheng","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs Bureau, Ministry of National Defense, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Nagamine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Vermetten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Mental Health Research Centre, Ministry of Defense, Utrecht, Netherlands"},{"name":"Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands"},{"name":"Arq, Psychotrauma Expert Group, Diemen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gen-Min","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan"},{"name":"Departments of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8 Suppl","key":"2020081709264221800_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-12-00103","article-title":"Prevalence of DSM-IV major depression among U.S. military personnel: meta-analysis and simulation","volume":"177","author":"Gadermann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020081709264221800_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743718787792","article-title":"Mental health service utilization in depressed Canadian Armed Forces personnel","volume":"64","author":"Theriault","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020081709264221800_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3109\/00048670903393597","article-title":"Prevalence estimates of combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder: critical review","volume":"44","author":"Richardson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9728","key":"2020081709264221800_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60672-1","article-title":"What are the consequences of deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan on the mental health of the UK armed forces? 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