{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T17:50:00Z","timestamp":1770918600286,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:label\/>\n                  <jats:p>Eumycetoma is a neglected tropical infection of the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by tumor-like lesions and most commonly caused by the fungus Madurella mycetomatis. In the tissue, M. mycetomatis organizes itself in grains, and within a single lesion, thousands of grains can be present. The current hypothesis is that all these grains originate from a single causative agent, however, this hypothesis was never proven. Here, we used our recently developed MmySTR assay, a highly discriminative typing method, to determine the genotypes of multiple grains within a single lesion. Multiple grains from surgical lesions obtained from 11 patients were isolated and genotyped using the MmySTR panel. Within a single lesion, all tested grains shared the same genotype. Only in one single grain from one patient, a difference of one repeat unit in one MmySTR marker was noted relative to the other grains from that patient. We conclude that within these lesions the grains originate from a single clone and that the inherent unstable nature of the microsatellite markers may lead to small genotypic differences.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Lay Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In lesions of the implantation mycosis mycetoma many Madurella mycetomatis grains are noted. It was unknown if grains arose after implantation of a single isolate or a mixture of genetically diverse isolates. By typing the mycetoma grains we showed that all grains within a single lesion were clonal and originated from a single isolate.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myac051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T07:47:03Z","timestamp":1657784823000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["<i>Madurella mycetomatis<\/i> grains within a eumycetoma lesion are clonal"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1454-6149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bertrand","family":"Nyuykonge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam , 3015 GD, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6314-7374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel Edwar","family":"Siddig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum , JG5R+WXF, Khartoum, Sudan"},{"name":"Faculty of medical laboratory sciences, University of Khartoum , JG5R+WXF, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3983-4304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mickey","family":"Konings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam , 3015 GD, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0266-5180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sahar","family":"Bakhiet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum , JG5R+WXF, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annelies","family":"Verbon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam , 3015 GD, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3439-0903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corn\u00e9 H W","family":"Klaassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam , 3015 GD, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4922-7321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed Hassan","family":"Fahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum , JG5R+WXF, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8652-8783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy W J","family":"van de Sande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam , 3015 GD, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2022072908343727100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00359-X","article-title":"Mycetoma: a unique neglected tropical disease","volume":"16","author":"Zijlstra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022072908343727100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2667","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002667","article-title":"The mycetoma knowledge gap: identification of research 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