{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T11:47:08Z","timestamp":1759146428504,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institut de Parasitologie de l'Ouest"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is the most frequent fungal opportunistic infection defining AIDS in HIV-infected patients, and is of growing importance in HIV-negative patients. In this latter category of patients, the diagnosis mainly relies on real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii (Pj) on respiratory samples. The PneumoGenius\u00ae kit (PathoNostics) allows the simultaneous detection of Pj mitochondrial large subunit (mtLSU) and dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) polymorphisms, which could be of interest to anticipate therapeutic failure. This study aimed at evaluating its clinical performance on 251 respiratory specimens (239 patients), (i) for P. jirovecii detection in clinical samples, and (ii) for DHPS polymorphisms detection in circulating strains.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Patients were classified according to modified European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer\/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC\/MSG) criteria, as having proven PCP (n\u00a0=\u00a062), probable PCP (n\u00a0=\u00a087), Pneumocystis colonization (n\u00a0=\u00a037), and no PCP (n\u00a0=\u00a053).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Compared with in-house qPCR, the sensitivity of PneumoGenius\u00ae assay for P. jirovecii detection reached 91.9% (182\/198), the specificity was excellent (100%, 53\/53) and the global concordance was 93.6% (235\/253). A total of four diagnoses of proven\/probable PCP were missed by the PneumoGenius\u00ae assay, reaching a 97.5% sensitivity (157\/161) in this sub-group. The 12 other \u2018false\u2013negative\u2019 results were obtained in patients diagnosed as colonized using the in-house PCR. DHPS genotyping was successful for 147\/182 samples with PneumoGenius\u00ae and revealed dhps mutation in 8 samples, which were all confirmed by sequencing.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In conclusion, PneumoGenius\u00ae assay missed the detection of low-burden PCP. This lower sensitivity for PCP diagnosis can be balanced by a higher specificity (P. jirovecii colonization less frequently detected) and the efficient detection of DHPS hot spot mutations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myad032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,8]],"date-time":"2023-04-08T01:28:14Z","timestamp":1680917294000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation of the PneumoGenius\u00ae PCR assay for the diagnosis of<i>Pneumocystis<\/i>pneumonia and the detection of<i>Pneumocystis<\/i>dihydropteroate synthase mutations in respiratory samples"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6338-3094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Guegan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes, Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9, Environnement et travail , Inserm UMR_S 1085, Rennes , France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma\u00ebl","family":"Roojee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sol\u00e8ne","family":"Le Gal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest , Brest , France"},{"name":"Infections Respiratoires Fongiques, Universit\u00e9 de Brest\/Angers , Brest\/Angers , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Artus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest , Brest , France"},{"name":"Infections Respiratoires Fongiques, Universit\u00e9 de Brest\/Angers , Brest\/Angers , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5888-6017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilles","family":"Nevez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest , Brest , France"},{"name":"Infections Respiratoires Fongiques, Universit\u00e9 de Brest\/Angers , Brest\/Angers , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Gangneux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes, Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9, Environnement et travail , Inserm UMR_S 1085, Rennes , France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Robert-Gangneux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes, Institut de 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