{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:20:29Z","timestamp":1792790429955,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The World Health Organization, in response to the growing burden of fungal disease, established a process to develop a fungal pathogen priority list. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and impact of infections caused by Talaromyces marneffei, Coccidioides species, and Paracoccidioides species. PubMed and Web of Sciences databases were searched to identify studies published between 1 January 2011 and 23 February 2021 reporting on mortality, complications and sequelae, antifungal susceptibility, preventability, annual incidence, and trends. Overall, 25, 17, and 6 articles were included for T. marneffei, Coccidioides spp. and Paracoccidioides spp., respectively. Mortality rates were high in those with invasive talaromycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis (up to 21% and 22.7%, respectively). Hospitalization was frequent in those with coccidioidomycosis (up to 84%), and while the duration was short (mean\/median 3\u20137 days), readmission was common (38%). Reduced susceptibility to fluconazole and echinocandins was observed for T. marneffei and Coccidioides spp., whereas\u00a0&amp;gt;88% of T. marneffei isolates had minimum inhibitory concentration values\u00a0\u22640.015 \u03bcg\/ml for itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole. Risk factors for mortality in those with talaromycosis included low CD4 counts (odds ratio 2.90 when CD4 count\u00a0&amp;lt;200 cells\/\u03bcl compared with 24.26 when CD4 count\u00a0&amp;lt;50 cells\/\u03bcl). Outbreaks of coccidioidomycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis were associated with construction work (relative risk 4.4\u2013210.6 and 5.7-times increase, respectively). In the United States of America, cases of coccidioidomycosis increased between 2014 and 2017 (from 8232 to 14\u2009364\/year). National and global surveillance as well as more detailed studies to better define sequelae, risk factors, outcomes, global distribution, and trends are required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myad133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T20:17:27Z","timestamp":1719519447000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["<i>Talaromyces marneffei, Coccidioides<\/i> species, and <i>Paracoccidioides<\/i> species\u2014a systematic review to inform the World Health Organization priority list of fungal pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Arthur J","family":"Morris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Auckland City Hospital , Te Toku Tumai, Grafton, Auckland , New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah Yejin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID) , New South Wales , Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney , Camperdown, New South Wales , Australia"},{"name":"Westmead Hospital , Westmead, New South Wales , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blake","family":"Nield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Sydney , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0631-2975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aiken","family":"Dao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID) , New South Wales , Australia"},{"name":"Westmead Hospital , Westmead, New South Wales , Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney , Camperdown, New South Wales , Australia"},{"name":"Children's Hospital at Westmead , Westmead, New South Wales , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"McMullan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Sydney Children\u2019s Hospital , Randwick, New South Wales , Australia"},{"name":"National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8651-4405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Alastruey-Izquierdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Majadahonda, Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaldo Lopes","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina, Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital S\u00e3o Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP) , S\u00e3o Paulo , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jutta","family":"Heim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Antibiotics Research and Development Partnership, Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative , Geneva , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3294-5792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Retno","family":"Wahyuningsih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia , Jakarta , Indonesia"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen , Jakarta , Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3393-6580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thuy","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , USA"},{"name":"Tropical Medicine Research Center for Talaromycosis, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine , Ho Chi Minh City , Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom M","family":"Chiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agustina","family":"Forastiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communicable Diseases Prevention, Control and Elimination, Pan American Health Organization , Washington, DC , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1555-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arunaloke","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doodhadhari Burfani Hospital and Research Institute , Haridwar , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas S","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infection and Immunity, and Clinical Academic Group in Infection and Immunity, St. George\u2019s, University of London, and St. George\u2019s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK"},{"name":"MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter , Exeter , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Bongomin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University , Gulu , Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Galas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance Special Program, Communicable Diseases and Environmental Determinants of Health, Pan American Health Organization , Washington, DC , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siswanto","family":"Siswanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization, South-East Asia Region Office , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Argaw","family":"Dagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization , Geneva , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Roitberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization , Geneva , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Gigante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Impact Initiatives and Research Coordination Unit, Global Coordination Department, Antimicrobial Resistance Division, World Health Organization , Geneva , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1978-1559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin","family":"Beardsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID) , New South Wales , Australia"},{"name":"Westmead Institute for Medical Research , Westmead, New South Wales , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hatim","family":"Sati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Impact Initiatives and Research Coordination Unit, Global Coordination Department, Antimicrobial Resistance Division, World Health Organization , Geneva , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6703-0288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan-Willem","family":"Alffenaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID) , New South Wales , Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney , Camperdown, New South Wales , Australia"},{"name":"Westmead Hospital , Westmead, New South Wales , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9970-9575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine Orla","family":"Morrissey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred and Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-012-9577-0","article-title":"Penicillium marneffei infection: an emerging disease in Mainland China","volume":"175","author":"Hu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.148433","article-title":"Disseminated penicilliosis marneffei in immunocompetent patients: a report of two cases","volume":"33","author":"Ye","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/173.6.1490","article-title":"Seasonal variation of disseminated Penicillium marneffei infections in northern Thailand: a clue to the reservoir?","volume":"173","author":"Chariyalertsak","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1086\/513649","article-title":"Case-control study of risk factors for Penicillium marneffei infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in northern Thailand","volume":"24","author":"Chariyalertsak","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir028","article-title":"Epidemiology, seasonality, and predictors of outcome of AIDS-associated Penicillium marneffei infection in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","volume":"52","author":"Le","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit058","article-title":"Environmental predictors and incubation period of AIDS-associated Penicillium marneffei infection in Ho Chi Minh City,\u00a0Vietnam","volume":"56","author":"Bulterys","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3109\/01913129009007223","article-title":"Ultrastructural observations on Penicillium marneffei in natural human infection","volume":"14","author":"Chan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ultrastruct Pathol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-013-9650-3","article-title":"Development of in vitro macrophage system to evaluate phagocytosis and intracellular fate of Penicillium marneffei conidia","volume":"176","author":"Lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4732","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.9.4732-4736.1999","article-title":"Interactions of Penicillium marneffei with human leukocytes in vitro","volume":"67","author":"Rongrungruang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2019.1588078","article-title":"Effects of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis on Talaromyces marneffei infection in HIV\/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-6405-9-24","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and outcome of Penicillium marneffei infection among HIV-infected patients in northern Vietnam","volume":"9","author":"Larsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"AIDS Res Ther"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myy037","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis in Latin America","volume":"57","author":"Laniado-Labor\u00edn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-020-00431-2","article-title":"Re-drawing the maps for endemic mycoses","volume":"185","author":"Ashraf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8070666","article-title":"Update on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of coccidioidomycosis","volume":"8","author":"Williams","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis1028","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis acquired in Washington State","volume":"56","author":"Marsden-Haug","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1004.030446","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis among workers at an archeological site, northeastern Utah","volume":"10","author":"Petersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0059821","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00598-21","article-title":"Factors influencing distribution of coccidioides immitis in soil, Washington State, 2016","volume":"6","author":"Chow","year":"2021","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1029\/2019GH000209","article-title":"Expansion of coccidioidomycosis endemic regions in the United States in response to climate change","volume":"3","author":"Gorris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geohealth"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw538","article-title":"Executive summary: 2016 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) clinical practice guideline for the treatment of coccidioidomycosis","volume":"63","author":"Galgiani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1086\/497596","article-title":"Coccidioidal meningitis","volume":"42","author":"Goldstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2017.05.007","article-title":"Species boundaries in the human pathogen Paracoccidioides","volume":"106","author":"Turissini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fungal Genet Biol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00213","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00213-16","article-title":"Genome diversity, recombination, and virulence across the major lineages of Paracoccidioides","volume":"1","author":"Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2016","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2020.103395","article-title":"Genomic diversity of the human pathogen Paracoccidioides across the South American continent","volume":"140","author":"Teixeira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fungal Genet Biol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2009.04.005","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis reveals a high level of speciation in the Paracoccidioides genus","volume":"52","author":"Teixeira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Phylogenet Evol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.05.002","article-title":"Puzzling paracoccidioidomycosis: factors associated with the severity of Paracoccidioides lutzii infections","volume":"107","author":"Nery","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01999","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01999-20","article-title":"Paracoccidioides genomes reflect high levels of species divergence and little interspecific gene flow","volume":"11","author":"Mavengere","year":"2020","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3010001","article-title":"New trends in paracoccidioidomycosis epidemiology","volume":"3","author":"Martinez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13417","article-title":"Compulsory notification of paracoccidioidomycosis: a 14-year retrospective study of the disease in the state of Paran\u00e1, Brazil","volume":"65","author":"de\u00a0Suguiura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3943","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83587-1","article-title":"A single-centre, retrospective study of the incidence of invasive fungal infections during 85 years of autopsy service in Brazil","volume":"11","author":"Dantas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652014000200006","article-title":"Decreasing prevalence of the acute\/subacute clinical form of paracoccidioidomycosis in Mato Grosso do Sul State,\u00a0Brazil","volume":"56","author":"Fabris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0225-2013","article-title":"Paracoccidioidomycosis in a western Brazilian Amazon State: clinical-epidemiologic profile and spatial distribution of the disease","volume":"47","author":"Vieira\u00a0Gde","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8050502","article-title":"Clinical and eco-epidemiological aspects of a novel hyperendemic area of paracoccidioidomycosis in the Tocantins-Araguaia Basin (Northern Brazil), caused by Paracoccidioides sp","volume":"8","author":"Krakhecke-Teixeira","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.46.2.346-353.1984","article-title":"Estrogens inhibit mycelium-to-yeast transformation in the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: implications for resistance of females to paracoccidioidomycosis","volume":"46","author":"Restrepo","year":"1984","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0230-2017","article-title":"Brazilian guidelines for the clinical management of paracoccidioidomycosis","volume":"50","author":"Shikanai-Yasuda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.2174\/1874285801711010224","article-title":"Paracoccidioidomycosis: current perspectives from Brazil","volume":"11","author":"Mendes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Microbiol J"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1086\/426691","article-title":"Contribution to the natural history of paracoccidioidomycosis: identification of the primary pulmonary infection in the severe acute form of the disease\u2014a case report","volume":"40","author":"Benard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005500","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005500","article-title":"Acute juvenile paracoccidioidomycosis: a 9-year cohort study in the endemic area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"11","author":"de\u00a0Macedo","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2013(04)02","article-title":"The lung in paracoccidioidomycosis: new insights into old problems","volume":"68","author":"Costa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0790","article-title":"Paracoccidioidomycosis: epidemiological and clinical aspects in 546 cases studied in the State of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil","volume":"97","author":"Pe\u00e7anha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822003000400004","article-title":"[Paracoccidioidomycosis: a clinical and epidemiological study of 422 cases observed in Mato Grosso do Sul]","volume":"36","author":"Paniago","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2017.10.009","article-title":"Oral paracoccidioidomycosis in a single-center retrospective analysis from a Brazilian southeastern population","volume":"11","author":"Dutra","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-023-00861-x","article-title":"The WHO fungal priority pathogens list as a game-changer","volume":"21","author":"Fisher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Micro"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D136","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr1178","article-title":"The NCBI Taxonomy database","volume":"40","author":"Federhen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2012.09.016","article-title":"Testing a tool for assessing the risk of bias for nonrandomized studies showed moderate reliability and promising validity","volume":"66","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0521","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and prognosis of penicilliosis among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in eastern China","volume":"96","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.04.018","article-title":"Effects of Talaromyces marneffei infection on mortality of HIV\/AIDS patients in southern China: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1613306","article-title":"A trial of itraconazole or amphotericin B for HIV-associated talaromycosis","volume":"376","author":"Le","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13024","article-title":"Clinical epidemiology and outcome of HIV-associated talaromycosis in Guangdong, China, during 2011\u20132017","volume":"21","author":"Ying","year":"2020","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1089\/ped.2016.0722","article-title":"Study of Penicillium marneffei infection in pediatric patients without human immunodeficiency virus infection in China","volume":"30","author":"Fan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-019-00373-4","article-title":"Characteristics and prognosis of Talaromyces marneffei infection in non-HIV-infected children in southern China","volume":"184","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofy187","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy187","article-title":"Epidemiology and clinical features of invasive fungal infection in a US health care network","volume":"5","author":"Webb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1177\/1078345817716451","article-title":"Increased coccidioidomycosis among inmates at a California prison: initial investigation in 2005 to 2006","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Correct Health Care"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib55","first-page":"368","article-title":"Hospitalized burden and outcomes of coccidioidomycosis: a nationwide analysis, 2005\u20132012","volume":"55","author":"Luo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002470","article-title":"Extrapulmonary coccidioidomycosis among children in central California: a retrospective review","volume":"38","author":"Naeem","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12372","article-title":"Diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of coccidioidomycosis in allogeneic stem cell transplantation","volume":"17","author":"Mendoza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0254","article-title":"Paracoccidioidomycosis in Brazilian patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"96","author":"Almeida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2111.150129","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis among workers constructing solar power farms, California, USA, 2011\u20132014","volume":"21","author":"Wilken","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000656","article-title":"Prevalence, healthcare resource utilization and overall burden of fungal meningitis in the United States","volume":"67","author":"Charalambous","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1910.130427","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis-associated hospitalizations, California, USA, 2000\u20132011","volume":"19","author":"Sondermeyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01480","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01480-16","article-title":"In vitro activity of posaconazole against Talaromyces marneffei by broth microdilution and Etest methods and comparison to itraconazole, voriconazole, and anidulafungin","volume":"61","author":"Lau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-018-3222-x","article-title":"Susceptibility profile of echinocandins, azoles and amphotericin B against yeast phase of Talaromyces marneffei isolated from HIV-infected patients in Guangdong, China","volume":"37","author":"Lei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-016-0107-3","article-title":"Administration of voriconazole in disseminated Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei infection: a retrospective study","volume":"182","author":"Ouyang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00256","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00256-21","article-title":"Antifungal susceptibility profiles of olorofim (formerly f901318) and currently available systemic antifungals against mold and yeast phases of Talaromyces marneffei","volume":"65","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02634","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02634-16","article-title":"Large-scale evaluation of in vitro amphotericin B, triazole, and echinocandin activity against Coccidioides species from U.S. institutions","volume":"61","author":"Thompson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00999","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00999-18","article-title":"The orotomide olorofim is efficacious in an experimental model of central nervous system coccidioidomycosis","volume":"62","author":"Wiederhold","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01739","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01739-18","article-title":"Population pharmacodynamics of amphotericin B deoxycholate for disseminated infection caused by Talaromyces marneffei","volume":"63","author":"Le","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.12.014","article-title":"Serological surveillance for Penicillium marneffei infection in HIV-infected patients during 2004\u20132011 in Guangzhou, China","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy620","article-title":"The utility of screening for coccidioidomycosis in recipients of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor \u03b1","volume":"68","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6733a4","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis outbreak among workers constructing a solar power farm\u2014Monterey County, California, 2016\u20132017","volume":"67","author":"Laws","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-013-9656-x","article-title":"Evaluation of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection by gp 43 intradermal test in rural settlements in Central-West Brazil","volume":"176","author":"Marques","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652014000400002","article-title":"Prevalence of paracoccidioidomycosis infection by intradermal reaction in rural areas in Alfenas, Minas Gerais,\u00a0Brazil","volume":"56","author":"Magalh\u00e3es","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2311.170934","article-title":"Paracoccidioidomycosis after highway construction, Rio de Janeiro,\u00a0Brazil","volume":"23","author":"do\u00a0Valle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-017-2927-6","article-title":"Serious fungal infections in Thailand","volume":"36","author":"Chayakulkeeree","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2021.1894902","article-title":"Trends of pulmonary fungal infections from 2013 to 2019: an AI-based real-world observational study in Guangzhou,\u00a0China","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6807a1","article-title":"Surveillance for coccidioidomycosis\u2014United States, 2011\u20132017","volume":"68","author":"Benedict","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12932","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12932","article-title":"Screening Coccidioides serology in kidney transplant recipients: a 10-year cross-sectional analysis","volume":"20","author":"Phonphok","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199812103392403","article-title":"A controlled trial of itraconazole to prevent relapse of Penicillium marneffei infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"339","author":"Supparatpinyo","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-464","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory characteristics of Penicilliosis marneffei among patients with and without HIV infection in northern Thailand: a retrospective study","volume":"13","author":"Kawila","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2014.09.008","article-title":"Penicilliosis and AIDS in Haiphong, Vietnam: evolution and predictive factors of death","volume":"44","author":"Son","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199501193320303","article-title":"Age, thymopoiesis, and CD4+ T-lymphocyte regeneration after intensive chemotherapy","volume":"332","author":"Mackall","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.01.001","article-title":"Long-term immune reconstitution and infection burden after mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"20","author":"Servais","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e31821c1df6","article-title":"Reactivation of coccidioidomycosis despite antifungal prophylaxis in solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"92","author":"Keckich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib85","first-page":"Cd004967","article-title":"Drugs for treating paracoccidioidomycosis","volume":"2006","author":"Menezes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw305","article-title":"Isavuconazole treatment of cryptococcosis and dimorphic mycoses","volume":"63","author":"Thompson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6030122","article-title":"Review of the novel investigational antifungal olorofim","volume":"6","author":"Wiederhold","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06232-2","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and risk factors for poor prognosis among HIV patients with Talaromyces marneffei bloodstream infection","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofz205","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz205","article-title":"Innate immunity acts as the major regulator in Talaromyces marneffei coinfected AIDS patients: cytokine profile surveillance during initial 6-month antifungal therapy","volume":"6","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-019-1851-9","article-title":"Invasive mycoses in patients with connective tissue disease from Southern China: clinical features and associated factors","volume":"21","author":"Lao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.244.231","article-title":"Prevalence of opportunistic infections and causes of death among hospitalized HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, China","volume":"244","author":"Pang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2724-7","article-title":"Etiology and clinical features of 229 cases of bloodstream infection among Chinese HIV\/AIDS patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study","volume":"35","author":"Qi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000345","article-title":"Determinants of prognosis in Talaromyces marneffei infections with respiratory system lesions","volume":"132","author":"Qiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-1243-y","article-title":"Differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis of Penicilliosis among HIV-negative patients with or without underlying disease in Southern China: a retrospective study","volume":"15","author":"Qiu","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmm.IJMM_18_258","article-title":"Comparing the profile of respiratory fungal pathogens amongst immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts, their susceptibility pattern and correlation of various opportunistic respiratory fungal infections and their progression in relation to the CD4+T-cell counts","volume":"36","author":"Roohani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-4951-x","article-title":"Analysis of the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy using fine-needle aspiration cytology combining cell block in Chinese patients with and without HIV infection","volume":"20","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e75915","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0075915","article-title":"Spectrums of opportunistic infections and malignancies in HIV-infected patients in tertiary care hospital, China","volume":"8","author":"Xiao","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2009.131588","article-title":"Distance from construction site and risk for coccidioidomycosis, Arizona, USA","volume":"20","author":"Blair","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myw017","article-title":"The epidemiology of fungemia in an infectious diseases hospital in Mexico city: a 10-year retrospective review","volume":"54","author":"Gaona-Flores","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2024062717020349100_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz1008","article-title":"Revision and update of the consensus definitions of invasive fungal disease from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium","volume":"71","author":"Donnelly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Medical Mycology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mmy\/article-pdf\/62\/6\/myad133\/58350534\/myad133.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mmy\/article-pdf\/62\/6\/myad133\/58350534\/myad133.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T20:18:31Z","timestamp":1719519511000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mmy\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/mmy\/myad133\/7700349"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mmy\/myad133","relation":{},"ISSN":["1369-3786","1460-2709"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1369-3786","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2709","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"article-number":"myad133"}}