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Secreted aspartic proteases (Saps) play a significant role in adhesion events, promoting biofilm formation, causing tissue damage and evading the host\u2019s immune response. In C. parapsilosis, three Saps have been identified: Sapp1, Sapp2 and Sapp3. The present study investigates the production dynamics of Sapp1 and Sapp2 across 10 clinical isolates of C. parapsilosis using various approaches. Each fungal isolate demonstrated the capability to utilize bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the sole nitrogen source, as evidenced by its degradation in a cell-free culture medium, forming low molecular mass polypeptides. Interestingly, the degradation of different proteinaceous substrates, such as BSA, human serum albumin (HSA), gelatin and hemoglobin, was typically isolate-dependent. Notably, higher proteolysis of HSA compared to BSA, gelatin and hemoglobin was observed. A quantitative assay revealed that the cleavage of a peptide fluorogenic substrate (cathepsin D) was isolate-specific, ranging from 44.15 to 270.61 fluorescence arbitrary units (FAU), with a mean proteolysis of 150.7 FAU. The presence of both Sapp1 and Sapp2 antigens on the cell surface of these fungal isolates was confirmed through immunological detection employing specific anti-Sapp1 and anti-Sapp2 antibodies. The surface levels of Sapp1 were consistently higher, up to fourfold, compared to Sapp2. Similarly, higher levels of Sapp1 than Sapp2 were detected in fungal secretions. This study provides insights into the dynamic expression and regulation of Sapps in C. parapsilosis, highlighting a known virulence factor that is considered a potential target for drug development against this increasingly prominent pathogen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myae066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T00:52:15Z","timestamp":1719363135000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<i>Candida parapsilosis<\/i>: Heterogeneous and strain-specific expression of secreted aspartic proteases (Sapp1 and Sapp2)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7510-6051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael M","family":"Gandra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 , Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro 21941-909 , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00edvia S","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas P S","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucieri O P","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta H","family":"Branquinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 , Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro 21941-909 , Brazil"},{"name":"Rede Micologia RJ \u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0821-8592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 L S","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 , Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro 21941-909 , Brazil"},{"name":"Rede Micologia RJ \u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) , Rio de Janeiro , 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