{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:11:29Z","timestamp":1788999089518,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sant\u00e9 Publique France and Institut Pasteur"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Penicillium, Talaromyces, and Purpureocillium species (so called Penicillium-like) are increasingly recognised as opportunistic fungal pathogens capable of causing a wide range of infections, from superficial to invasive. Although ocular infections caused by these environmental fungi have been reported in the literature, they remain relatively underrecognised. We conducted a multicentric retrospective study of Penicillium-like ocular cases reported in the RESeau de Surveillance des Infections Fongique (RESSIF) database of the French National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals between 2012 and 2021. Among 55 cases of Penicillium-like invasive infections reported to the RESSIF network in France, a total of 24 cases (44%) were identified, which predominantly presented as keratitis (n\u00a0=\u00a022, 92%). Predisposing factors were as follows: contact lens wear (n\u00a0=\u00a011, 46%), topical corticosteroid use (n\u00a0=\u00a09, 37.5%), ocular trauma (n\u00a0=\u00a05, 21%), pre-existing corneal disease (n\u00a0=\u00a04, 17%), and previous ocular surgery (n\u00a0=\u00a02, 8%). Purpureocillium lilacinum was the predominant pathogen (n\u00a0=\u00a019, 79%), followed by four Penicillium species and one Talaromyces species. Direct examination of ocular samples was positive in 13 cases (54%). Antifungal susceptibility testing (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing) revealed that all species exhibited high minimal inhibitory concentrations to amphotericin B (&amp;gt; 1\u00a0mg\/l). Most patients were treated with a combination of topical voriconazole and amphotericin B (n\u00a0=\u00a015, 62.5%), which was administered alongside oral voriconazole in nine cases (37.5%). Surgical intervention was required in six cases (25%) and included keratoplasty (n\u00a0=\u00a04) and enucleation (n\u00a0=\u00a02). This study provides a valuable overview of Penicillium-like fungal ocular infections and highlights the importance of systematically surveilling filamentous fungal keratitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myag025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T12:36:01Z","timestamp":1774355761000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A decade of ocular fungal infections due to\n                    <i>Penicillium<\/i>\n                    -like fungi in France (2012\u20132021)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6222-9052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorra","family":"Monpierre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic, Traitement des Infections, H\u00f4pitaux universitaires Henri Mondor, AP-HP Unit\u00e9 de Parasitologie-Mycologie, D\u00e9partement Pr\u00e9vention, , 94000 Cr\u00e9teil ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Dynamyc research team UR 7380, UPEC, EnVA, ANSES , 94000 Cr\u00e9teil ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2817-3830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Dannaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dynamyc research team UR 7380, UPEC, EnVA, ANSES , 94000 Cr\u00e9teil ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, H\u00f4pital Universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Unit\u00e9 de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Service de Microbiologie , 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Translational Mycology Research Group , 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8325-8060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Lortholary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Translational Mycology Research Group , 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, H\u00f4pital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris , 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karine","family":"Boukris-Sitbon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Translational Mycology Research Group , 75015 Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilia","family":"Merabet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de biologie m\u00e9dicale et d\u2019ophtalmo-biologie, H\u00f4pital National des Quinze-Vingts , 75012 Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3453-1232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taieb","family":"Chouaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie M\u00e9dicales, Centre de Biologie Humaine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens Picardie , 80000 Amiens ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Pihet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Institut de Biologie en Sant\u00e9, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire , 49100 Angers ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5939-3409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurence","family":"Millon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universtaire Besan\u00e7on, UMR CNRS 6249 Chrono-environnement, Universit\u00e9 Marie et Louis Pasteur , 25030 Besan\u00e7on ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Delhaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR-LA des aspergilloses chroniques, Centre Hospitalier Universtaire Bordeaux, France Inserm U1045 -Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux , 33000 Bordeaux ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Bonhomme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, ToxEMAC-ABTE, Normandie Univ, Unicaen & Unirouen , 14000 Caen ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estelle","family":"Cateau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Poitiers , 90577 Poitiers ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Dalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Plateforme de Biologie Hospitalo-universitaire Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon; UMR PAM Univ Bourgogne Europe-Institut Agro Dijon-Inrae , 21000 Dijon ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0340-6300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilie","family":"Cardot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, H\u00f4pital Foch , 92150 Suresnes ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2384-5797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Desbois-Nogard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Martinique , 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