{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T12:36:22Z","timestamp":1751373382197,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]],"date-time":"2018-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Changes in the interpretive-breakpoints for antifungals against various Candida species have raised the need to examine the significance of the phenomenon of the growth of microcolonies in agar diffusion inhibition zones, which has generally been considered negligible. The objective was to determine the incidence of cases in which microcolonies demonstrate fluconazole resistance according to current interpretive-breakpoints and whether their growth is associated with therapeutic failure. The fluconazole minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 100 blood culture isolates of Candida were performed by E-test on Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) agar and examined for the appearance of microcolonies. Fluconazole MICs of microcolonies were then determined over three generations. The significance of the phenomenon of microcolonies was determined according to clinical data retrieved from electronic files. Microcolonies were a common phenomenon among Candida isolates following incubation on RPMI agar, with a higher frequency among C. albicans isolates as compared to non-albicans Candida across generations (57\u201393% vs 31\u201393%, respectively) and a similar fluconazole susceptibility rate over three generations. The rate of microcolonies was similar in both patients with successful and unsuccessful outcome (41%\u00a0vs 42%, respectively). Microcolonies are a common phenomenon. No increase in MIC was demonstrated throughout three generations of microcolony inoculation on RPMI, and no difference in clinical outcome was observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myy130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]],"date-time":"2018-11-06T20:11:13Z","timestamp":1541535073000},"page":"718-723","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The prevalence and clinical significance of microcolonies when tested according to contemporary interpretive breakpoints for fluconazole against Candida species using E-test"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7368-6344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Hauzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matan J","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clalit Health Services, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Itzhack","family":"Polacheck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allon","family":"Moses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Korem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019072120000848300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1086\/380637","article-title":"Epidemiology of Candidemia in Swiss Tertiary Care Hospitals: Secular Trends, 1991\u20132000","volume":"38","author":"Marchetti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019072120000848300_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1086\/421946","article-title":"Nosocomial bloodstream infections in US hospitals: analysis of 24,179 cases from a prospective nationwide surveillance study","volume":"39","author":"Wisplinghoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019072120000848300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4167","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01998-13","article-title":"Epidemiology, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, and outcome of candidemia across five sites in Italy and Spain","volume":"51","author":"Bassetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2019072120000848300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(95)00010-0","article-title":"The changing face of candidemia: Emergence of non-Candida albicans species and antifungal resistance","volume":"100","author":"Nguyen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2019072120000848300_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306801","article-title":"Multistate point-prevalence survey of health care-associated infections","volume":"370","author":"Magill","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2019072120000848300_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01256-09","article-title":"Echinocandin susceptibility testing of Candida species: comparison of EUCAST EDef 7.1, CLSI M27-A3, E-test, disk diffusion, and agar dilution methods with RPMI and isosensitest media","volume":"54","author":"Arendrup","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2019072120000848300_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2586","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.9.2586-2589.1998","article-title":"Bolmstr\u00f6m A. 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