{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T17:08:41Z","timestamp":1783703321512,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,19]],"date-time":"2019-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Histoplasmosis is the most clinically significant mycosis in Latin America; still it has been neglected in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There is limited information about its contribution to morbidity and mortality in this population. We conducted a systematic review of scientific literature to provide an estimation of the frequency and mortality of histoplasmosis among people with HIV receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Latin America, and factors associated with mortality. We searched articles in PubMed, Scopus, WHO Global health library, and Scielo using different combination of terms including \u201chistoplasmosis\u201d and HAART. We identified 949 articles, removed 662 duplicated; screened 287 abstracts; reviewed full text of 53 articles; and selected 15 articles that provided information on the number of patients studied, included patients receiving ART, and reported any measure of frequency estimate for qualitative synthesis. Studies were conducted in Argentina (n = 4), Brazil (n = 6), Colombia (n = 2), French Guyana and the Bahamas (=2), and Guatemala (n = 1). Heterogeneity of studies characteristics precluded any aggregated estimates. Histoplamosis was frequent in these cohort studies and mortality was high despite the use of HAART. Low CD4 counts, delayed HAART initiation and poor adherence were related to increased incidence, poor prognosis and increased mortality, respectively. Histoplasmosis may be an important contributor to mortality in people with HIV in Latin America. Diagnostic delays represent an important limitation for improving care of patients suspected to have histoplasmosis. Reducing histoplasmosis diagnostic delays and therapy initiation is needed to further decrease mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myy143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]],"date-time":"2018-11-28T20:12:11Z","timestamp":1543435931000},"page":"791-799","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in Latin America and the Caribbean in people receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"J Oggun","family":"Cano-Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Olmedo-Reneaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M","family":"Esquivel-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Camiro-Zu\u00f1iga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arely","family":"P\u00e9rez-Carrisoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Madrigal-Iberri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rommel","family":"Flores-Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis E","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo F","family":"Belaunzar\u00e1n-Zamudio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s12281-011-0073-7","article-title":"Histoplasmosis: epidemiology in Latin America","volume":"5","author":"G\u00f3mez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Fungal Infect Rep"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib2","first-page":"119","article-title":"Histoplasmosis in HIV-Infected patients: a review of new developments and remaining gaps","volume":"1","author":"Adenis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Trop Med Rep"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1086\/428842","article-title":"Disseminated histoplasmosis in patients with AIDS in Panama: a review of 104 cases","volume":"40","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00027-06","article-title":"Histoplasmosis: A clinical and laboratory update","volume":"20","author":"Kauffman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0224","article-title":"Imported acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related histoplasmosis in metropolitan France: a comparison of pre-highly active anti-retroviral therapy and highly active anti-retroviral therapy eras","volume":"85","author":"Peigne","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.73.576","article-title":"Disseminated histoplasmosis: a comparative study between patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and non-human immunodeficiency virus \u2013 infected individuals","volume":"73","author":"Tobon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000961","article-title":"Disseminated histoplasmosis in Central and South America, the invisible elephant: the lethal blind spot of international health organizations","volume":"30","author":"Neglected histoplasmosis in Latin America Group","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0226","article-title":"How many have died from undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus-associated histoplasmosis, a treatable disease? Time to act","volume":"90","author":"Nacher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib9","article-title":"Culture-negative TB is associated with increased mortality in HIV-infected persons (Abstract 833)","author":"Sterling"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib10","first-page":"8","article-title":"Disseminated Histoplasmosis in Patients with AIDS: epidemiologic, clinical, microbiology and inmunologic analysis of 26 patients","volume":"6","author":"Corti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Enfermedades Emergentes"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib11","first-page":"37","article-title":"Impacto de la histoplasmosis diseminada en pacientes HIV positivos TT [Impact of disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV positive patients]","volume":"21","author":"Frola","year":"2013","journal-title":"Actual SIDA infectol"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2652-14-40","article-title":"Acute retroviral syndrome and high baseline viral load are predictors of rapid HIV progression among untreated Argentinean seroconverters","volume":"14","author":"Soc\u00edas","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib13","first-page":"332","article-title":"Disseminated histoplasmosis in patients with AIDS. Buenos Aires, 2009\u20132014","volume":"76","author":"Lopez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med (Buenos Aires)"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12175","article-title":"Disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients: determinants of relapse and mortality in a northeastern area of Brazil","volume":"57","author":"Damasceno","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-014-9755-3","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive fungal infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at a reference hospital for infectious diseases in Brazil","volume":"178","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652003000200003","article-title":"Opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS admitted to an university hospital of the Southeast of Brazil","volume":"45","author":"Nobre","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2007.01459.x","article-title":"Disseminated histoplasmosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients in Uberaba, MG, Brazil","volume":"51","author":"Mora","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2012.05.003","article-title":"Histoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients in Cear\u00e1, Brazil: clinical-laboratory aspects and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of Histoplasma capsulatum isolates","volume":"106","author":"Brilhante","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01894.x","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory features of disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV patients from Brazil","volume":"12","author":"Daher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Heal"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0837","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory profile of persons living with human immunodeficiency virus\/acquired immune deficiency syndrome and histoplasmosis from a Colombian hospital","volume":"95","author":"Caceres","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002638","article-title":"Risk factors for disseminated histoplasmosis in a cohort of HIV-infected patients in French Guiana","volume":"8","author":"Nacher","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/S0399-077X(04)00146-5","article-title":"Causes of death among HIV infected adults in French Guyana and the French West Indies in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)","volume":"34","author":"Lewden","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0009","article-title":"High mortality and coinfection in a prospective cohort of human immunodeficiency virus\/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with histoplasmosis in Guatemala","volume":"97","author":"Samayoa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12551","article-title":"Prevalence and lethality among patients with histoplasmosis and AIDS in the Midwest Region of Brazil","volume":"60","author":"Silva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179769","article-title":"A decade of HAART in Latin America: long term outcomes among the first wave of HIV patients to receive combination therapy","volume":"12","author":"Wolff","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153921","article-title":"Time to HAART initiation after diagnosis and treatment of opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS in Latin America","volume":"11","author":"Crabtree-Ramirez","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib27","first-page":"P340","article-title":"High mortality attributable to late presentation and delayed ART initiation among adults living with HIV receiving care in Latin America","volume":"19","author":"Belaunzar\u00e1n-Zamudio","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib28","first-page":"P042","article-title":"Trends in late presentation to care and presentation with advanced HIV disease in Latin America","volume":"20","author":"Beltran","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib29","article-title":"AIDS info [online database]","author":"Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS","year":"2015"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib30","article-title":"Causes of death and early mortality in people with HIV in Mexico (2004\u20132015). (Abstract 895)","author":"Caro-Vega"},{"key":"2019091119584774300_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003100","article-title":"HIV-associated histoplasmosis early mortality and incidence trends: from neglect to priority","volume":"8","author":"Adenis","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"}],"container-title":["Medical Mycology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mmy\/article-pdf\/57\/7\/791\/29186172\/myy143.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,11]],"date-time":"2019-09-11T23:59:09Z","timestamp":1568246349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mmy\/article\/57\/7\/791\/5292625"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,18]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mmy\/myy143","relation":{},"ISSN":["1369-3786","1460-2709"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1369-3786","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2709","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,18]]}}}