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Different clinical manifestations are associated with these fungal infections; however, little is known about their biology and potential virulence attributes. Herein, we evaluated some surface properties of 12 clinical isolates of Ch (n\u00a0=\u00a05), Cd (n\u00a0=\u00a04) and Chv (n\u00a0=\u00a03) as well as their virulence on murine macrophages and Galleria mellonella larvae. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of homogeneous populations among the species of the C. haemulonii complex, represented by oval yeasts with surface irregularities able to form aggregates. Cell surface hydrophobicity was isolate-specific, exhibiting high (16.7%), moderate (25.0%) and low (58.3%) hydrophobicity. The isolates had negative surface charge, except for one. Mannose\/glucose- and N-acetylglucosamine-containing glycoconjugates were evidenced in considerable amounts in all isolates; however, the surface expression of sialic acid was poorly detected. Cd isolates presented significantly higher amounts of chitin than Ch and Chv. Membrane sterol and lipid bodies, containing neutral lipids, were quite similar among all fungi studied. All isolates adhered to inert surfaces in the order: polystyrene\u00a0&amp;gt;\u00a0poly-L-lysine-coated glass\u00a0&amp;gt;\u00a0glass. Likewise, they interacted with murine macrophages in a quite similar way. Regarding in vivo virulence, the C. haemulonii species complex were able to kill at least 80% of the larvae after 120\u00a0hours. Our results evidenced the ability of C. haemulonii complex to produce potential surface-related virulence attributes, key components that actively participate in the infection process described in Candida spp.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myz139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]],"date-time":"2020-01-02T20:08:32Z","timestamp":1577995712000},"page":"973-986","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Surface, adhesiveness and virulence aspects of Candida haemulonii species complex"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"L\u00edvia S","family":"Ramos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone S C","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura N","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcela Q","family":"Granato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Taxonomia, Bioqu\u00edmica e Bioprospec\u00e7\u00e3o de Fungos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego S","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biom\u00e9dico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Frases","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio H","family":"Seabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio Estadual da Zona Oeste, Laborat\u00f3rio de Tecnologia em Cultura de C\u00e9lulas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre J","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biofilmes e Diversidade Microbiana, Centro de Biotecnologia and Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucimar F","family":"Kneipp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Taxonomia, Bioqu\u00edmica e Bioprospec\u00e7\u00e3o de Fungos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta H","family":"Branquinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0821-8592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 L S","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Avan\u00e7ados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, 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