{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T05:16:59Z","timestamp":1791523019004,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Self-incompatibility (SI) is a genetic mechanism of hermaphroditic plants to prevent inbreeding after self-pollination. Allogamous Poaceae species exhibit a unique gametophytic SI system controlled by two multi-allelic and independent loci, S and Z. Despite intense research efforts in the last decades, the genes that determine the initial recognition mechanism are yet to be identified. Here, we report the fine-mapping of the Z-locus in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and provide evidence that the pollen and stigma components are determined by two genes encoding DUF247 domain proteins (ZDUF247-I and ZDUF247-II) and the gene sZ, respectively. The pollen and stigma determinants are located side-by-side and were genetically linked in 10,245 individuals of two independent mapping populations segregating for Z. Moreover, they exhibited high allelic diversity as well as tissue-specific gene expression, matching the expected characteristics of SI determinants known from other systems. Revisiting the S-locus using the latest high-quality whole-genome assemblies revealed a similar gene composition and structure as found for Z, supporting the hypothesis of a duplicated origin of the two-locus SI system of grasses. Ultimately, comparative genomic analyses across a wide range of self-compatible and self-incompatible Poaceae species revealed that the absence of a functional copy of at least one of the six putative SI determinants is accompanied by a self-compatible phenotype. Our study provides new insights into the origin and evolution of the unique gametophytic SI system in one of the largest and economically most important plant families.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msac259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T06:52:45Z","timestamp":1670482365000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Fine-Mapping and Comparative Genomic Analysis Reveal the Gene Composition at the\n                    <i>S<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Z<\/i>\n                    Self-incompatibility Loci in Grasses"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Marius","family":"Rohner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Manzanares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Yates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Thorogood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University , Aberystwyth , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Copetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"},{"name":"Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"L\u00fcbberstedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University , Ames, IA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torben","family":"Asp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University , Slagelse , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Studer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023010723583125500_msac259-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq291","article-title":"Translatorx: multiple alignment 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Genomes, Genet"},{"key":"2023010723583125500_msac259-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2196","article-title":"Reference genome sequence of the model plant Setaria","volume":"30","author":"Bennetzen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2023010723583125500_msac259-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1139\/g04-017","article-title":"High-resolution mapping of the S and Z loci of Phalaris coerulescens","volume":"47","author":"Bian","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genome"},{"key":"2023010723583125500_msac259-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D344","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa977","article-title":"The InterPro protein families and domains database: 20 years on","volume":"49","author":"Blum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2023010723583125500_msac259-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.13037","article-title":"A synteny-based draft genome sequence of the forage grass Lolium perenne","volume":"84","author":"Byrne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant J"},{"key":"2023010723583125500_msac259-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2005.01443.x","article-title":"Plant self-incompatibility systems: a molecular evolutionary perspective","volume":"168","author":"Charlesworth","year":"2005","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"2023010723583125500_msac259-B10","article-title":"Evidence for high intergenic sequence variation in heterozygous Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) genome revealed by a high-quality draft diploid genome assembly","author":"Copetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"2023010723583125500_msac259-B11","first-page":"35","article-title":"Self-incompatibility in ryegrass. 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