{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T14:07:58Z","timestamp":1792332478370,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFD1800100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD1800100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YFE0109000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YFE0109000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Philippine Council for Health Research and Development-Department of Science and Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Rabies, caused by rabies virus, is a severe public health problem in the Philippines, where animal rabies epidemiology had been extensively investigated, but little is known about the national epidemiologic situations since 2010. Here, we report a 12-year nationwide animal rabies surveillance with systematic phylogenetic analysis, in which 353 whole genomes of rabies viruses collected from animal rabies cases between 2018 and 2022 were obtained. The phylogenetic and spatial\u2013temporal evolutionary analyses showed that rabies viruses in the Philippines were exclusively classified into the SEA4 subclade within the Asian clade, but forming three major geographically specific lineages. Intra-island spread predominates the rabies transmission in three major island regions, while the inter-island transmission, between major island regions, is very limited, likely due to ocean barriers. Overall, our findings have provided the most comprehensive dataset on the infected animal species, geographic distribution, transmission dynamics, genetic diversity of rabies viruses, and transmission risk factors, thus established a basis to support WOAH-endorsed national control program for dog-mediated rabies in the Philippines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msaf007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T11:13:19Z","timestamp":1739358799000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Phylogeography Analysis Reveals Rabies Epidemiology, Evolution, and Transmission in the Philippines"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4987-5487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control , Changchun ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0355-3633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Diagnosis and Reference Laboratory, Veterinary Laboratory Division, Department of Agriculture Bureau of Animal Industry , Quezon ,","place":["Philippines"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9107-5269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7164-700X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7625-0570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun 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Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control , Changchun ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1908-2926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4981-1483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liqun","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing 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