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In the present work, we investigated the role of PDGF-B in OHSS by evaluating ligand protein levels in follicular fluid (FF) from women at risk of developing OHSS and by using an immature rat model of OHSS. We demonstrated that PDGF-B and PDGF-D are lower in FF from women at risk of developing OHSS compared to control patients (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). In the OHSS rat model, PDGF-B (0.5 \u00b5g\/ovary) administration decreased ovarian weight (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), reduced serum progesterone (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) and lowered the percentage of cysts (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), compared to untreated OHSS rats, but had no effect on the proportion of follicles or corpora lutea (CL). PDGF-B treatment also restored the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) and P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01) to control levels. In addition, PDGF-B increased the peri-endothelial cell area in CL and cystic structures, and reduced vascular permeability compared to untreated OHSS ovaries. Lastly, PDGF-B increased the levels of junction proteins claudin-5 (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), occludin (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) and \u03b2-catenin (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), while boosting the extracellular deposition of collagen IV surrounding the ovarian vasculature (PP\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), compared to OHSS alone. In conclusion, our findings indicate that PDGF-B could be another crucial mediator in the onset and development of OHSS, which may lead to the development of novel prediction markers and therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaaa038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,23]],"date-time":"2020-05-23T04:21:27Z","timestamp":1590207687000},"page":"585-600","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Platelet-derived growth factor B restores vascular barrier integrity and diminishes permeability in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8758-6846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Pascuali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biolog\u00eda y Medicina Experimental (IByME) \u2013 CONICET, Buenos Aires, 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