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Here, we show that deletion of PPP4 catalytic subunit gene Ppp4c in the mouse causes male-specific infertility. Loss of PPP4C, when assessed by light microscopy, did not obviously affect many aspects of the morphology of spermatogenesis, including acrosome formation, nuclear condensation and elongation, mitochondrial sheaths arrangement and \u20189\u2009+\u20092\u2019 flagellar structure assembly. However, the PPP4C mutant had sperm tail bending defects (head-bent-back), low sperm count, poor sperm motility and had cytoplasmic remnants attached to the middle piece of the tail. The cytoplasmic remnants were further investigated by transmission electron microscopy to reveal that a defect in cytoplasm removal appeared to play a significant role in the observed spermiogenesis failure and resulting male infertility. A lack of PPP4 during spermatogenesis causes defects that are reminiscent of oligoasthenoteratospermia (OAT), which is a common cause of male infertility in humans. Like the lack of functional PPP4 in the mouse model, OAT is characterized by abnormal sperm morphology, low sperm count and poor sperm motility. Although the causes of OAT are probably heterogeneous, including mutation of various genes and environmentally induced defects, the detailed molecular mechanism(s) has remained unclear. Our discovery that the PPP4C-deficient mouse model shares features with human OAT might offer a useful model for further studies of this currently poorly understood disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaaa083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]],"date-time":"2020-12-08T23:04:33Z","timestamp":1607468673000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Oligoasthenoteratospermia and sperm tail bending in PPP4C-deficient mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"F","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M 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