{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T13:30:26Z","timestamp":1790429426806,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":246,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001537","name":"University of Auckland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001537","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008247","name":"University of Otago","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008247","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Health Research Council Programme"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Currently, our understanding of hormonal regulation within the female reproductive system is largely based on our knowledge of estrogen and progesterone signalling. However, while the important functions of androgens in male physiology are well known, it is also recognized that androgens play critical roles in the female reproductive system. Further, androgen signalling is altered in a variety of gynaecological conditions, including endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome, indicative of regulatory roles in endometrial and ovarian function. Co-regulatory mechanisms exist between different androgens, estrogens, and progesterone, resulting in a complex network of steroid hormone interactions. Evidence from animal knockout studies, in vitro experiments, and human data indicate that androgen receptor expression is cell-specific and menstrual cycle stage-dependent, with important regulatory roles in the menstrual cycle, endometrial biology, and follicular development in the ovaries. This review will discuss the expression and co-regulatory interactions of androgen receptors, highlighting the complexity of the androgen signalling pathway in the endometrium and ovaries, and the synthesis of androgens from additional alternative pathways previously disregarded as male-specific. Moreover, it will illustrate the challenges faced when studying androgens in female biology, and the need for a more in-depth, integrative view of androgen metabolism and signalling in the female reproductive system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaad017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T16:01:05Z","timestamp":1683907265000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Androgen signalling in the ovaries and endometrium"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2856-1593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbey C","family":"Lissaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland , Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8154-2068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane E","family":"Girling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago , Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2090-1589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lynsey M","family":"Cree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland , Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0309-532X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca E","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago , Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3834-359X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna P","family":"Ponnampalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland , Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"P\u016btahi Manawa-Healthy Hearts for Aotearoa New Zealand, Centre of Research Excellence, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023112121441070200_gaad017-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000494899","article-title":"In utero androgen excess: a developmental commonality preceding polycystic ovary syndrome?","volume":"53","author":"Abbott","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Horm Res"},{"key":"2023112121441070200_gaad017-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e245","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2021.53","article-title":"Differential expression of androgen receptor in type I and type II endometrial carcinomas: a clinicopathological analysis and 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