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The present study uncovers a fourth function that is fundamentally distinct from the other three, being critical for embryonic cell survival in mice. Intriguingly, the three proteins of the mouse zona pellucida (ZP1, ZP2, ZP3) were found abundantly present also inside the embryo 4\u2009days after fertilization, as shown by mass spectrometry, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence. Contrary to current understanding of the roles of ZP proteins, ZP3 was associated more with the cytoskeleton than with secretory vesicles in the subcortical region of metaphase II oocytes and zygotes, and was excluded from regions of cell\u2013cell contact in cleavage-stage embryos. Trim-away-mediated knockdown of ZP3 in fertilized oocytes hampered the first zygotic cleavage, while ZP3 overexpression supported blastocyst formation. Transcriptome analysis of ZP3-knockdown embryos pointed at defects of cytoplasmic translation in the context of embryonic genome activation. This conclusion was supported by reduced protein synthesis in the ZP3-knockdown and by the lack of cleavage arrest when Trim-away was postponed from the one-cell to the late two-cell stage. These data place constraints on the notion that zona proteins only operate in the extracellular space, revealing also a role during the oocyte-to-embryo transition. Ultimately, these data recruit ZP3 into the family of maternal factors that contribute to developmental competence of mouse oocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaad038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T09:25:14Z","timestamp":1698485114000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Intracellular fraction of zona pellucida protein 3 is required for the oocyte-to-embryo transition in mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Steffen","family":"Israel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Cell & Tissue Dynamics , Muenster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Seyfarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Cell & Tissue Dynamics , Muenster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Nolte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Cell & Tissue Dynamics , Muenster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannes C A","family":"Drexler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Cell & Tissue Dynamics , Muenster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4994-9829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Fuellen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rostock University Medical Center, Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Aging Research (IBIMA) , Rostock, 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