{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T14:36:42Z","timestamp":1775659002140,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and tolerance of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) therapy administered concomitantly with tacrolimus (TAC) treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>2792 patients who underwent therapy with five bDMARDs (etanercept: ETN, adalimumab, golimumab, tocilizumab, and abatacept: ABT) were enrolled. Among the study subjects, 1582 were concomitant methotrexate (MTX group), 147 were concomitant TAC (TAC group), and 1063 were non-concomitant MTX and TAC (non-MTX\/TAC group). The primary outcome was the incident rate of discontinuation of bDMARDs by adverse events (AEs) or loss of efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Concerning the analysis for each reasons of discontinuation, including AEs and loss of efficacy, the hazards ratio (HR) was significantly lower in the TAC group than in non-MTX\/TAC groups (AEs: HR\u2009=\u20090.39, 95% confidence interval, 0.23\u20130.68, loss of efficacy: HR\u2009=\u20090.49, 95% confidence interval, 0.30\u20130.78). The loss of efficacy with the use of ETN and ABT was lower in the TAC group than in non-MTX\/TAC groups. Concomitant TAC did not induce elevated risk for discontinuation of AEs in all bDMARD analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Concomitant TAC with ABT or ETN showed higher retention rates than bDMARDs therapy without TAC or MTX. AEs did not increase over long-term observation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roac025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T09:09:06Z","timestamp":1647335346000},"page":"292-301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effectiveness of tacrolimus concomitant with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6469-1312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenya","family":"Terabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobunori","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, 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