{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T11:06:10Z","timestamp":1789470370810,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to analyse the radiological characteristics and clinical diversity of Japanese patients with synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome, a heterogeneous disorder.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Radiographs and clinical information from 115 Japanese patients (female\/male: 81\/34; mean age at onset: 48.7\u2009years) diagnosed with SAPHO syndrome between January 2007 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Additionally, the treatment for SAPHO syndrome was explored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 115 patients, 70 patients had complications, including palmoplantar pustulosis, acne, or psoriasis. Imaging studies included bone scintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and positron emission tomography in 71, 58, 70, and 23 patients, respectively. The most frequent lesions were arthritis and hyperostosis of the sternoclavicular joints in 96 patients; spinal lesions, including sacroiliac arthritis, were observed in 85 patients. Peripheral aseptic osteitis was observed in 22 patients, and the tibia was involved in 12. The treatments consisted of analgesics, bisphosphonates, conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and biologics (tumour necrosis factor inhibitors and interleukin-23p19 inhibitors) in 85, 15, 23, and 10 patients (8 and 2 patients), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sternoclavicular hyperostosis and pustulosis are frequently observed in patients with SAPHO syndrome. Biological agents were more frequently used in patients with peripheral osteitis and arthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/road086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T14:58:55Z","timestamp":1692889135000},"page":"806-812","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Assessment of\u00a0clinical and\u00a0radiological characteristics of\u00a0Japanese patients with synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and\u00a0osteitis syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8225-4690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Mori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Izumiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Okuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku Rosai Hospital , Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munenori","family":"Watanuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, JR Sendai Hospital , Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryuichi","family":"Kanabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichiro","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Iwatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine , Akita, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshimi","family":"Aizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024070612132433000_R1","first-page":"187","article-title":"Acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis syndrome. Results of\u00a0a national survey. 85 cases","volume":"54","author":"Chamot","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Synovitis-acne-pustulosis hyperostosis-osteomyelitis syndrome (SAPHO). A new syndrome among the spondyloarthropathies?","volume":"6","author":"Benhamou","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-87-2-192","article-title":"Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis: painful swelling of\u00a0the sternum, clavicles, and\u00a0upper ribs. Report of\u00a0two new cases","volume":"87","author":"Kohler","year":"1977","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198504000-00022","article-title":"Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis. A case report and\u00a0review of\u00a0the literature","volume":"194","author":"Goossens","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000884","article-title":"Pro and\u00a0contra: is synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and\u00a0osteitis (SAPHO) a spondyloarthritis variant?","volume":"34","author":"Furer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668010-00013","article-title":"Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis. A report of\u00a0nineteen cases, with special reference to etiology and\u00a0treatment","volume":"68","author":"Chigira","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.40.6.547","article-title":"Clinical features of\u00a053 cases with pustulotic arthro-osteitis","volume":"40","author":"Sonozaki","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-014-0627-7","article-title":"SAPHO syndrome: a review","volume":"9","author":"Rukavina","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Child Orthop"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2012.05.006","article-title":"The SAPHO syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Nguyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(99)80027-4","article-title":"SAPHO syndrome: a long-term follow-up study of\u00a0120 cases","volume":"29","author":"Hayem","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24540","article-title":"Clinical and\u00a0radiologic evolution of\u00a0synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and\u00a0osteitis syndrome: a single center study of\u00a0a cohort of\u00a071 subjects","volume":"61","author":"Colina","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090863","article-title":"Prevalence of\u00a0autoantibodies in\u00a0SAPHO syndrome: a single-center study of\u00a090 patients","volume":"37","author":"Grosjean","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2017.1372874","article-title":"Clinical features and\u00a0radiological findings of\u00a067 patients with SAPHO syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Okuno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161075","article-title":"Whole-spine computed tomography findings in\u00a0SAPHO syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key415","article-title":"Three patterns of\u00a0osteoarticular involvement in\u00a0SAPHO syndrome: a cluster analysis based on\u00a0whole body bone scintigraphy of\u00a0157 patients","volume":"58","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-02309-6","article-title":"Anterior chest wall in\u00a0SAPHO syndrome: magnetic resonance imaging findings","volume":"22","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14788","article-title":"Characteristics of\u00a0Japanese patients with pustulotic arthro-osteitis associated with palmoplantar pustulosis: a multicenter study","volume":"59","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2011.08.014","article-title":"SAPHO: what radiologists should know","volume":"67","author":"Depasquale","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-003-0629-x","article-title":"SAPHO: syndrome or concept? Imaging findings","volume":"32","author":"Earwaker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roab103","article-title":"SAPHO syndrome and\u00a0pustulotic arthro-osteitis","volume":"32","author":"Kishimoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12272","article-title":"Pustulotic arthro-osteitis associated with palmoplantar pustulosis","volume":"40","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024070612132433000_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh149","article-title":"SAPHO syndrome treated with pamidronate: an open-label study of\u00a010 patients","volume":"43","author":"Amital","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology 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