{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T06:25:34Z","timestamp":1776234334428,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), utilizing fat-saturated T2-weighted and short-tau inversion recovery sequences, is essential for the early diagnosis and monitoring of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Recently, the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology proposed recommendations for the standardization of MRI findings for axSpA. However, the predictive value of specific MRI findings for spinal ankylosis progression remains unclear. This study investigates whether baseline MRI findings correlate with the progression of spinal ankylosis observed on radiographs over a 2-year period.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twenty-six axSpA patients who met Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society criteria and underwent baseline and 2-year follow-up imaging were included. MRI assessments of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joint evaluated inflammatory and structural lesions, including Romanus and Anderson lesions. Radiographic progression was defined as a \u22652-point increase in the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score. Statistical analyses compared clinical and imaging parameters between progression (n\u2009=\u20099) and nonprogression (n\u2009=\u200917) groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients in the progression group had significantly higher baseline modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (P\u2009=\u2009.04) and modified-health assessment questionnaire scores (P\u2009=\u2009.04). Positive MRI findings of anterior and posterior corner inflammatory lesions and Anderson-central lesions were significantly associated with progression (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.05). Romanus lesions, indicative of early structural changes, were more frequent in the progression group (P\u2009=\u2009.02). However, fat lesions and sacroiliac joint inflammation showed no significant predictive value.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Baseline MRI findings, particularly inflammatory and Romanus lesions, are strong predictors of spinal ankylosis progression in axSpA. These results highlight the importance of incorporating MRI into personalized treatment strategies to mitigate disease progression. Further studies are needed to validate these findings in larger cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roaf015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T20:53:27Z","timestamp":1741294407000},"page":"738-743","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["MRI-based predictors of spinal ankylosis progression: ESSR framework for axial spondyloarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8225-4690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Mori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine , Akita,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Izumiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryuichi","family":"Kanabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Hatakeyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshimi","family":"Aizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Miyagi,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025070707465683400_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780341003","article-title":"The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria for the classification of spondylarthropathy","volume":"34","author":"Dougados","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2014.10.007","article-title":"The concept of spondyloarthritis: where are we now?","volume":"28","author":"Garg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R3","article-title":"Ankylosing spondylitis and axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"375","author":"Taurog","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ii1","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.104018","article-title":"The assessment of spondyloarthritis international society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis","volume":"68","author":"Sieper","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108233","article-title":"The development of assessment of spondyloarthritis international society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection","volume":"68","author":"Rudwaleit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208852","article-title":"The term \u2018non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis\u2019 is much more important to classify than to diagnose patients with axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"75","author":"Deodhar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R7","first-page":"49128","article-title":"The classification and diagnostic criteria of ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"48","author":"Raychaudhuri","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32832af481","article-title":"MRI in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"21","author":"Maksymowych","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-024-04812-2","article-title":"Review of the updated definitions and concepts of spinal lesions in axial spondyloarthritis","author":"Massignan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-024-10926-x","article-title":"Standardized reporting of spine and sacroiliac joints in axial spondyloarthritis MRI: from the ESSR-Arthritis subcommittee","volume":"35","author":"Rennie","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204055","article-title":"Evolution of radiographic damage in ankylosing spondylitis: a 12 year prospective follow-up of the OASIS study","volume":"74","author":"Ramiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33465","article-title":"Baseline radiographic damage, elevated acute-phase reactant levels, and cigarette smoking status predict spinal radiographic progression in early axial spondylarthritis","volume":"64","author":"Poddubnyy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roae075","article-title":"Elucidation of factors influencing spinal ankylosis in patients with axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"35","author":"Izumiyama","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.020503","article-title":"Assessment of outcome in ankylosing spondylitis: an extended radiographic scoring system","volume":"64","author":"Creemers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.080871","article-title":"The natural course of radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis\u2014evidence for major individual variations in a large proportion of patients","volume":"36","author":"Baraliakos","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R16","article-title":"The role of imaging in diagnosing axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"5","author":"Khmelinskii","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Med Lausanne"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2024-225882","article-title":"Development of international consensus on a standardised image acquisition protocol for diagnostic evaluation of the sacroiliac joints by MRI: an ASAS-SPARTAN collaboration","volume":"83","author":"Lambert","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.93B7.26337","article-title":"The Andersson lesion in ankylosing spondylitis: distinguishing between the inflammatory and traumatic subtypes","volume":"93","author":"Park","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-023-01038-9","article-title":"Predominant ligament-centric soft-tissue involvement differentiates axial psoriatic arthritis from ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"19","author":"McGonagle","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30393","article-title":"Focal fat lesions at vertebral corners on magnetic resonance imaging predict the development of new syndesmophytes in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"63","author":"Chiowchanwisawakit","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4411","article-title":"The FAt spondyloarthritis spine score (FASSS): development and validation of a new scoring method for the evaluation of fat lesions in the spine of patients with axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"15","author":"Pedersen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003118","article-title":"Do fatty lesions explain the effect of inflammation on new syndesmophytes in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis? Results from the SIAS cohort and ASSERT trial","volume":"9","author":"Stal","year":"2023","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002250","article-title":"Role of vertebral corner inflammation and fat deposition on MRI on syndesmophyte development detected on whole spine low-dose CT scan in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"8","author":"Stal","year":"2022","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2015.08.005","article-title":"Inflammatory and fatty lesions in the spine and sacroiliac joints on whole-body MRI in early axial spondyloarthritis\u20143-Year data of the ESTHER trial","volume":"45","author":"Song","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002822","article-title":"Significance of structural changes in the axial skeleton in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: how important are lesions in the sacroiliac joint?","volume":"8","author":"Braun","year":"2022","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211596","article-title":"Sacroiliac radiographic progression in recent onset axial spondyloarthritis: the 5-year data of the DESIR cohort","volume":"76","author":"Dougados","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2025070707465683400_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000718","article-title":"MRI of the sacroiliac joints: what is and what is not sacroiliitis?","volume":"32","author":"Ostergaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"}],"container-title":["Modern Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/mr\/roaf015\/62308237\/roaf015.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mr\/article-pdf\/35\/4\/738\/62308237\/roaf015.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mr\/article-pdf\/35\/4\/738\/62308237\/roaf015.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T11:47:10Z","timestamp":1751888830000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mr\/article\/35\/4\/738\/8058716"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mr\/roaf015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1439-7595","1439-7609"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1439-7595","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-7609","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]}}}