{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T11:18:01Z","timestamp":1788175081215,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["24K18642 to Y.Y."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24K18642 to Y.Y."]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["22K08599"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K08599"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["25K12480 to S.M."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K12480 to S.M."]}]},{"name":"Tsuchiya Memorial Medical Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To clarify the diagnostic utility of serum calprotectin and gene expression in interferon (IFN)-\u03b1-activated neutrophils in macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single-centre, cross-sectional study analysed serum calprotectin levels in 47 patients with SLE (including eight with MAS) and 7 patients with adult-onset Still\u2019s disease (AOSD) complicated with MAS as a reference population. In neutrophil-based experiments, mRNA expression levels of S100A8 and S100A9 were measured following stimulation with IFN-\u03b1 or interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum calprotectin levels were significantly elevated in patients with SLE-MAS compared to those with SLE without MAS and comparable to those in patients with AOSD-MAS. Calprotectin levels correlated with serum ferritin levels (rs\u2009=\u20090.49, P\u2009=\u2009.004), but not with anti-dsDNA antibodies or complement levels. At a cut-off value of 9184.4\u00a0ng\/ml, serum calprotectin demonstrated sensitivity of 62.5% and specificity of 94.9% for identifying MAS. Recombinant IFN-\u03b12a induced a dose-dependent increase in S100A8 and S100A9 expression in neutrophils, whereas recombinant interleukin-1\u03b2 had no effect. Pre-treatment with an anti-IFN-\u03b12 neutralising antibody effectively suppressed the IFN-\u03b12a-induced expression of S100A8 and S100A9.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum calprotectin, upregulated by IFN-\u03b1, may serve as a useful biomarker for diagnosing MAS in SLE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roag012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T12:25:50Z","timestamp":1771849550000},"page":"778-785","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Serum calprotectin elevation and interferon-\u03b1-induced neutrophil priming in macrophage activation syndrome associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: Clinical and experimental insights"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8769-5524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yohei","family":"Hosokawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0774-0509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuke","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8529-1016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sho","family":"Mokuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8894-6535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoya","family":"Oka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9168-5302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0558-8814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genki","family":"Kidoguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3568-3430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michinori","family":"Ishitoku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0968-9081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2474-9943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shintaro","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026083106414549100_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken342","article-title":"Clinical features of haemophagocytic syndrome in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases: analysis of 30 cases","volume":"47","author":"Fukaya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2026083106414549100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40417","article-title":"Features, treatment, and outcomes of 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