{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T11:18:51Z","timestamp":1788175131563,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Osteoarthritis is fundamentally a whole-joint disease, and a critical pathological feature is the limited capacity of articular cartilage for self-regeneration, leading to accelerated joint degeneration once breakdown begins. Current therapeutic strategies are primarily palliative, and conventional marrow stimulation procedures, such as microfracture, often yield suboptimal, short-lived outcomes. Stem cell-based biologic augmentation using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a promising approach through direct chondrocyte differentiation, paracrine stimulation, and immunomodulation. Umbilical cord-derived MSCs offer a robust proliferative capacity, enhanced biological potency, and lower immunogenicity than adult MSCs, and they can be obtained with minimal ethical concerns. Clinical trials of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs combined with a hyaluronic acid hydrogel (CARTISTEM\u00ae) have demonstrated excellent safety, improved patient-reported outcomes, and durable hyaline-like cartilage regeneration. Emerging evidence further suggests that combining a high tibial osteotomy with a human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem-cells-based cartilage regeneration for medial compartment osteoarthritis with varus malalignment creates a synergistic biological and mechanical environment that promotes structural cartilage repair. In conclusion, surgically transplanted human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs show therapeutic potential in arthritic knees, although the roles of intra-articular injections and the optimal indications for combined high tibial osteotomy remain to be clarified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roag034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T11:30:09Z","timestamp":1774956609000},"page":"689-695","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy for knee osteoarthritis and cartilage repair: Current evidence and clinical applications"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jin Kyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norimasa","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Institute for Medical Science in Sports, Osaka Health Science University , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026083106415548200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22897","article-title":"Number of persons with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in the United States: impact of race and ethnicity, age, sex, and obesity","volume":"68","author":"Deshpande","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"2026083106415548200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30417-9","article-title":"Osteoarthritis","volume":"393","author":"Hunter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026083106415548200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16072","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.72","article-title":"Osteoarthritis","volume":"2","author":"Martel-Pelletier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2026083106415548200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2002.0801","article-title":"Articular cartilage repair: basic science and clinical progress. 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