{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T19:01:05Z","timestamp":1780340465241,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) with ^18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography\/computed tomography (FDG-PET\/CT) for assessing disease activity in large-vessel vasculitis (LVV), and to evaluate whether segment-level analysis provides complementary information beyond global grading.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We enrolled 25 patients with LVV (Takayasu arteritis [TAK], n\u2009=\u200911; giant cell arteritis [GCA], n\u2009=\u200914). Two blinded readers graded 11 arterial territories (18 segments) on a four-point visual scale for DWIBS and FDG-PET\/CT. Global imaging grades were calculated as segment-averaged means. Correlations with serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Global mean DWIBS grades correlated significantly with FDG-PET\/CT grades (r\u2009=\u20090.72) and with CRP levels (r\u2009=\u20090.53). Territory-level mapping revealed diffuse central aortic involvement in GCA, whereas TAK showed more focal and segment-limited patterns. DWIBS demonstrated lower sensitivity in motion-prone regions but appeared to better reflect clinical activity and more frequently detected subclavian artery involvement in TAK compared with FDG-PET\/CT. Residual vascular signals were also observed in some patients classified as being in clinical remission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DWIBS shows good agreement with FDG-PET\/CT and provides a radiation- and contrast-free approach for assessing LVV. Global mean grades alone showed limited discriminatory power and may underestimate disease activity in focal or segment-limited involvement. Integrating segment-level imaging findings with clinical and laboratory markers may improve assessment of disease activity. Multicenter validation and longitudinal studies are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roag037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T11:40:25Z","timestamp":1778154025000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploratory comparison of diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression and 18F-FDG PET\/CT for assessing disease activity in large-vessel vasculitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2810-1519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuji","family":"Nozaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka-sayama ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsuhiro","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka-sayama ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka-sayama ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Hyodo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka-sayama ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayato","family":"Kaida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka-sayama ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunari","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka-sayama ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Kinoshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka-sayama ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37715","article-title":"2012 revised international Chapel Hill consensus conference nomenclature of Vasculitides","volume":"65","author":"Jennette","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-137-4-200208200-00006","article-title":"Is duplex ultrasonography useful for the diagnosis of giant-cell arteritis?","volume":"137","author":"Salvarani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10251","article-title":"Takayasu arteritis: Utility and limitations of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"46","author":"Tso","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200401000-00007","article-title":"Diagnostic imaging in Takayasu arteritis","volume":"16","author":"Kissin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20083","article-title":"Large-vessel vasculitis","volume":"51","author":"Seo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref6","first-page":"275","article-title":"Diffusion weighted whole body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS): Technical improvement using free breathing, STIR and high resolution 3D display","volume":"22","author":"Takahara","year":"2004","journal-title":"Radiat Med"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.1792-18","article-title":"Diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) as a novel imaging modality for disease activity assessment in Takayasu's arteritis","volume":"58","author":"Oguro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.2479-18","article-title":"Diffusion weighted whole body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) was useful for the diagnosis and follow-up of giant cell arteritis","volume":"58","author":"Matsuoka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330810","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of giant cell arteritis","volume":"33","author":"Hunder","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330811","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Takayasu arteritis","volume":"33","author":"Arend","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-212649","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging in large vessel vasculitis in clinical practice","volume":"77","author":"Dejaco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215672","article-title":"2018 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of large vessel vasculitis","volume":"79","author":"Hellmich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-120-11-199406010-00004","article-title":"Takayasu arteritis","volume":"120","author":"Kerr","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1097\/MNM.0000000000000947","article-title":"Usefulness of respiratory-gated 18F-FDG PET\/CT scan protocol in patients having positive myocardial 18F-FDG uptake","volume":"40","author":"Watanabe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucl Med Commun"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-003-1144-y","article-title":"Early diagnosis and follow-up of aortitis with [(18)F]FDG PET and MRI","volume":"30","author":"Meller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-018-3973-8","article-title":"Members of committees, SNMMI cardiovascular; members of council, PET interest group; members of ASNC; EANM committee coordinator. FDG-PET\/CT (a) imaging in large vessel vasculitis and polymyalgia rheumatica: Joint procedural recommendation of the EANM, SNMMI, and the PET interest group (PIG), and endorsed by the ASNC","volume":"45","author":"Slart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref17","first-page":"99","article-title":"Distribution patterns of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in large vessels of Takayasu's and giant cell arteritis using positron emission tomography","volume":"36 Suppl 111","author":"Soriano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026060114025993500_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40379","article-title":"18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography as an imaging biomarker in a prospective, longitudinal cohort of patients with large vessel vasculitis","volume":"70","author":"Grayson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"}],"container-title":["Modern Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/mr\/roag037\/68251745\/roag037.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/mr\/roag037\/68251745\/roag037.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T18:03:09Z","timestamp":1780336989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mr\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/mr\/roag037\/8673195"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"references-count":18,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mr\/roag037","relation":{},"ISSN":["1439-7595","1439-7609"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1439-7595","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-7609","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"article-number":"roag037"}}