{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T23:16:37Z","timestamp":1740179797066,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A 72-year-old Japanese woman had right digital flexor tenosynovitis with a non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection, which was identified as Mycobacterium marinum in culture. She had been treated at another hospital with clarithromycin, rifampicin, and ethambutol for the non-tuberculous tenosynovitis. However, the swelling of her right hand worsened, and 5\u2009months later, her left hand swelled and she exhibited symmetrical arthritis. Blood tests detected elevated serum C-reactive protein and rheumatoid factor positivity. Although rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was suspected and corticosteroid treatment was started, she came to our hospital because of the insufficient treatment effect. Musculoskeletal ultrasonography showed intra-articular and peritendinous power Doppler signal-positive symmetrical synovitis. A contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of the left hand without NTM tenosynovitis revealed findings of inflammatory synovitis accompanied by bone marrow oedema. We diagnosed RA and started treatment with weekly low-dose methotrexate pulses and 2\u2009weeks of tocilizumab administration; her symptoms then disappeared within 2\u2009months. This is a rare case of RA manifested with NTM-associated arthritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mrcr\/rxac001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T01:06:44Z","timestamp":1643764004000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rheumatoid arthritis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7446-405X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Takaoka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital , Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taizo","family":"Shimomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital , Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Suzushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital , Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023010315421882900_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60826-4","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"376","author":"Scott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023010315421882900_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-017-0627-z","article-title":"The role of autoantibodies in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"39","author":"Derksen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"key":"2023010315421882900_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2018.06.001","article-title":"Mechanistic immunological based classification of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"17","author":"McGonagle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"2023010315421882900_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2015.01.004","article-title":"Innate lymphoid cells: new insights into function and development","volume":"32","author":"Cortez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"2023010315421882900_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3726","article-title":"Interactions between innate and adaptive lymphocytes","volume":"14","author":"Gasteiger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2023010315421882900_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2013.04.002","article-title":"EBV-encoded small RNA1 and nonresolving inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"29","author":"Chiu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci"},{"key":"2023010315421882900_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2018.1447171","article-title":"Mycobacterium marinum infection in fish and man: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management; 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