{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T01:10:22Z","timestamp":1754183422000,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) share similarities in both clinical presentation and radiological findings, making the diagnostic process challenging. We report the case of a 30-year-old male with a long-standing history of back pain with an initial diagnosis of young-onset DISH. However, a diagnosis of axSpA was ultimately pursued based on his age and clinical presentation. This was further supported by improvement in both Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ASDAS-ESR) and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with C-Reactive Protein (ASDAS-CRP) scores at his 6- and 12-month follow-ups on ixekizumab. Early and accurate diagnosis of axSpA, followed by appropriate treatment, is essential in preventing complications and improving patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mrcr\/rxaf002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T15:30:17Z","timestamp":1736523017000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Young onset chronic inflammatory back pain: A diagnostic dilemma between axial spondylitis and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0058-1581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajaie","family":"Namas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Subspecialities Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi, PO Box 112412","place":["United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Al Qassimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Subspecialities Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi, PO Box 112412","place":["United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jawahir","family":"Alameri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Subspecialities Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi, PO Box 112412","place":["United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatema","family":"Alawadhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi,","place":["United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esat","family":"Memisoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi,","place":["United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahlam","family":"Almarzooqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Emirates Health Services, Al Qassimi Hospital , Sharjah,","place":["United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025080201013783000_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-024-03359-w","article-title":"Significant overlap of inflammatory and degenerative features on imaging among patients with degenerative disc disease, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and axial spondyloarthritis: a real-life cohort study","volume":"26","author":"Ziade","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Therapy"},{"key":"2025080201013783000_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.658538","article-title":"Axial spondyloarthritis: mimics and 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