{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T05:16:10Z","timestamp":1767676570875,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI121364"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI121364"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major healthcare concern with associated healthcare costs reaching over ${\\$}$1 billion in a single year in the USA. Antibiotic resistance in S. aureus is now observed against last line of defense antibiotics, such as vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin. Unfortunately, high throughput drug discovery approaches to identify new antibiotics effective against MRSA have not resulted in much tangible success over the last decades. Previously, we demonstrated the feasibility of an alternative drug discovery approach, the identification of metallo-antibiotics, compounds that gain antibacterial activity only after binding to a transition metal ion and as such are unlikely to be detected in standard drug screens. We now report that avobenzone, the primary active ingredient of most sunscreens, can be activated by zinc to become a potent antibacterial compound against MRSA. Zinc-activated avobenzone (AVB-Zn) potently inhibited a series of clinical MRSA isolates [minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC): 0.62\u20132.5 \u00b5M], without pre-existing resistance and activity without zinc (MIC: &amp;gt;10 \u00b5M). AVB-Zn was also active against clinical MRSA isolates that were resistant against the commonly used zinc\u2013salt antibiotic bacitracin. We found AVB-Zn exerted no cytotoxicity on human cell lines and primary cells. Last, we demonstrate AVB-Zn can be deployed therapeutically as lotion preparations, which showed efficacy in a mouse wound model of MRSA infection. AVB-Zn thus demonstrates Zn-activated metallo-antibiotics are a promising avenue for future drug discovery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mtomcs\/mfad049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T03:17:46Z","timestamp":1693538266000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Repurposing sunscreen as an antibiotic: zinc-activated avobenzone inhibits methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5562-9557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel M","family":"Andrews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gretchen E","family":"Bollar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A Sophia","family":"Giattina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex G","family":"Dalecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John R","family":"Wallace Jr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Frantz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kayla","family":"Eschliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , Kansas City, KS , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Obdulia","family":"Covarrubias-Zambrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , Kansas City, KS , USA"},{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City, KS , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johnathan D","family":"Keith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Duverger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Wolschendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan H","family":"Bossmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , Kansas City, KS , USA"},{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City, KS , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan E","family":"Birket","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olaf","family":"Kutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10325","key":"2024012010414040900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0","article-title":"Global Burden of Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance in 2019: a Systematic Analysis","volume":"399","author":"Murray","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024012010414040900_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3975","article-title":"Platforms for Antibiotic Discovery","volume":"12","author":"Lewis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. 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