{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:31:35Z","timestamp":1787841095932,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death globally, posing a major public health challenge due to their increasing prevalence and complex etiology. Natural products from medicinal mushrooms have gained attention for their cardioprotective properties. To evaluate whether the aqueous extract of Lenzites betulinus can protect mononuclear cells of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and heart failure (HF) patients from therapy-induced DNA damage and to determine its polyphenolic composition. The study included 30 healthy controls, 30 ACS, and 30 HF patients. The genoprotective potential of aqueous mushroom extract at concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200\u00a0mg\/mL was examined in vitro using the comet assay on human blood mononuclear cells. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined spectrophotometrically, while polyphenolic profiling was performed using UHPLC-DAD-MS\/MS. The mean level of DNA damage in treated cell cultures from healthy donors increased in a concentration-dependent manner compared with the negative control, but without statistical significance. The extract significantly reduced therapy-induced level of DNA damage in mononuclear cells of ACS and HF patients (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0005). DNA damage level was significantly higher in HF patients. In ACS patients, %DNA damage was significantly reduced at the three highest concentrations, while genetic damage index (GDI) decreased at all concentrations. In HF patients, %DNA damage decreased at the two highest concentrations, and GDI at all except the lowest. Phytochemical analysis revealed high levels of phenolics and flavonoids, with chlorogenic acid and quercetin as dominant compounds. L. betulinus possesses significant nutritional and functional value. Its rich phytochemical profile likely underlies its chemoprotective effects against therapy-induced DNA damage, suggesting potential as a natural agent for genome stability support in CVD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/geag017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T11:12:02Z","timestamp":1776510722000},"page":"237-248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phytochemical compositions and chemoprotective effect of\n                    <i>Lenzites betulinus<\/i>\n                    mushroom in mononuclear cells of patients with acute coronary syndrome and heart failure\n                    <i>in vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Jovana","family":"Tubi\u0107 Vukajlovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Kragujevac , 34000 Kragujevac ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Simi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kragujevac , 34000 Kragujevac ,","place":["Serbia"]},{"name":"Clinical for Cardiology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac , 34000 Kragujevac ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomislav","family":"Tosti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade , 11158 Belgrade ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"Djordjevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Kragujevac , 34000 Kragujevac ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Poskurica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical for Cardiology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac , 34000 Kragujevac ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"Muri\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Kragujevac , 34000 Kragujevac ,","place":["Serbia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac , 34000 Kragujevac ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivera","family":"Milo\u0161evi\u0107-Djordjevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Kragujevac , 34000 Kragujevac ,","place":["Serbia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Genetics, University of Kragujevac , 34000 Kragujevac ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e771","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001309","article-title":"2025 ACC\/AHA\/ACEP\/NAEMSP\/SCAI guideline for the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes: a report of the american college of cardiology\/American heart association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines","volume":"151","author":"Rao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.14857","article-title":"2024 update in heart failure","volume":"12","author":"Beghini","year":"2025","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10030602","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species induced pathways in heart failure pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies","volume":"10","author":"Mongirdien\u0117","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.10262","article-title":"Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction","volume":"324","author":"Murphy","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref5","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Lopez","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.70734\/fbas\/190248","article-title":"Research on the use of traditional Chinese medicine mushrooms in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases","volume":"78","author":"Skrzydlewski","year":"2024","journal-title":"FABS"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14050741","article-title":"Mushrooms as nutritional powerhouses: a review of their bioactive compounds, health benefits, and value added products","volume":"14","author":"Singh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2021.11.017","article-title":"Medicinal mushrooms: clinical perspective and challenges","volume":"27","author":"Panda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1615\/intjmedmushrooms.v16.i4.30","article-title":"Anticancer and antimicrobial activities and chemical composition of the birch mazegill mushroom Lenzites betulina (higher basidiomycetes)","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Med Mushrooms"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.2174\/1389201016666150618152531","article-title":"Effect of selenium enrichment of Lenzites betulinus and Trametes hirsuta mycelia on antioxidant, antifungal and cytostatic potential","volume":"16","author":"Milovanovi\u0107","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1615\/IntJMedMushrooms.2021040197","article-title":"Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of different extracts of some wild medicinal mushrooms from Nigeria","volume":"23","author":"Udeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Med Mushrooms"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2023.105681","article-title":"A review for cancer treatment with mushroom metabolites through targeting mitochondrial signaling pathway: In vitro and in vivo evaluations, clinical studies and future prospects for mycomedicine","volume":"172","author":"Nandi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjtb.2015.04.013","article-title":"Anti-hyperglycemic effects of aqueous Lenzites betulina extracts from the Philippines on the blood glucose levels of ICR mice (Mus musculus)","volume":"6","author":"Hussin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Trop Biomed"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118640","article-title":"In vitro effect of Lenzites betulinus mushroom against therapy-induced DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with acute coronary syndrome","volume":"335","author":"Tubi\u0107 Vukajlovi\u0107","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1615\/IntJMedMushrooms.2025060638","article-title":"Antioxidant effect of Lenzites betulinus mushroom (agaricomycetes) extract against hydrogen peroxide\u2013induced DNA damage","volume":"28","author":"Tubi\u0107 Vukajlovi\u0107","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Med Mushrooms"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref16","first-page":"462","volume-title":"Fungi of Serbia and the Western Balkans","author":"Uzelac","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-022-00754-y","article-title":"Measuring DNA modifications with the comet assay: a compendium of protocols","volume":"18","author":"Collins","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(88)90265-0","article-title":"A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells","volume":"175","author":"Singh","year":"1988","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/s1383-5718(99)00042-x","article-title":"Evaluation of DNA damage by the comet assay in shoe workers exposed to toluene and other organic solvents","volume":"441","author":"Pitarque","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2010.10.033","article-title":"Stability of the total antioxidant capacity and total polyphenol content of 23 commercially available vegetable juices before and after in vitro digestion measured by FRAP, DPPH, ABTS and Folin\u2013Ciocalteu methods","volume":"44","author":"Wootton-Beard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00196-3","article-title":"Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hulls and flour","volume":"72","author":"Quettier-Deleu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9050413","article-title":"Evaluation of apple pomace flour obtained industrially by dehydration as a source of biomolecules with antioxidant, antidiabetic and antiobesity effects","volume":"9","author":"Gorjanovi\u0107","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.14744\/AnatolJCardiol.2020.39479","article-title":"DNA and chromosomal damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with acute coronary syndrome and undergoing coronary angiograph","volume":"25","author":"Tubi\u0107 Vukajlovi\u0107","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anatol J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gead002","article-title":"Genome instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction","volume":"38","author":"Tubi\u0107 Vukajlovi\u0107","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2019.07.019","article-title":"Association between reduced left ventricular ejection fraction following non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and long-term mortality in patients of advanced age","volume":"296","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2024.131858","article-title":"Potential regulatory role of epigenetic modifications in aging-related heart failure","volume":"401","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e13580","article-title":"Molecular basis of skin photoaging and therapeutic interventions by plant-derived natural product ingredients: a comprehensive review","volume":"9","author":"Tanveer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146378","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/146378","article-title":"Antigenotoxic effect of Trametes spp. extracts against DNA damage on human peripheral white blood cells","volume":"2015","author":"Kne\u017eevi\u0107","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgfs.2023.100743","article-title":"Physicochemical, nutritional, phytochemical properties and antioxidant activity of edible Astraeus odoratus mushrooms: effects of different cooking methods","volume":"33","author":"Fong-in","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Gastron Food Sci"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0140355","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140355","article-title":"Antibacterial, antiradical potential and phenolic compounds of thirty-one polish mushrooms","volume":"10","author":"Nowacka","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2016.1252759","article-title":"The lignicolous fungus Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd (1920): a promising natural source of antiradical and AChE inhibitory agents","volume":"32","author":"Janju\u0161evi\u0107","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pr9030506","article-title":"Impact of zinc, glutathione, and polyphenols as antioxidants in the immune response against SARS-CoV-2","volume":"9","author":"de la Lastra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Processes"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943911","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.943911","article-title":"The biological activity mechanism of chlorogenic acid and its applications in food industry","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e33342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e33342","article-title":"Quercetin as one of the most abundant represented biological valuable plant components with remarkable chemoprotective effects \u2013 a review","volume":"10","author":"Vollmannov\u00e1","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2005.01.006","article-title":"Protection by quercetin and quercetin-rich fruit juice against induction of oxidative DNA damage and formation of BPDE-DNA adducts in human lymphocytes","volume":"582","author":"Wilms","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.15237\/gida.GD24012","article-title":"Optimization of the synergistic antioxidant effect of selected phenolic compounds (gallic acid, rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid) and investigation of their ability to prevent formation of DNA base damage","volume":"49","author":"Baya\u00e7l\u0131","year":"2024","journal-title":"G\u0131da"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2019.03.013","article-title":"The essential metals for humans: a brief overview","volume":"195","author":"Zoroddu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Inorg Biochem"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-024-00701-5","article-title":"Edible mushrooms as an alternative to animal proteins for having a more sustainable diet: a review","volume":"43","author":"Pashaei","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2020.10.035","article-title":"Mushroom consumption and cardiovascular health: a systematic review","volume":"134","author":"Krittanawong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052395","article-title":"Cardioprotective properties of mannitol\u2014involvement of mitochondrial potassium channels","volume":"22","author":"Feige","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-022-01075-x","article-title":"Role of omega-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular disease: the debate continues","volume":"25","author":"Sherratt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2019.11.018","article-title":"Dietary linoleic acid and human health: focus on cardiovascular and cardiometabolic effects","volume":"292","author":"Marangoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s12161-012-9443-1","article-title":"Optimized analysis of organic acids in edible mushrooms from Portugal by ultra fast liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection","volume":"6","author":"Silva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2016.01.037","article-title":"Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr from different origins: chemical characterization, screening of the bioactive properties and specific antimicrobial effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"69","author":"Fernandes","year":"2016","journal-title":"LWT-Food Sci Technol"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9070730","article-title":"Antiinflammatory activity of citric acid-treated wheat germ extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages","volume":"9","author":"Hee-Yeong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026082709420801200_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2021.K.0138","article-title":"Citric acid-enriched extract of ripe Prunus mume (Siebold) Siebold & Zucc induces laxative effects by regulating the expression of aquaporin 3 and prostaglandin E2 in rats with loperamide-induced constipation","volume":"25","author":"Ju-Ryun","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Med Food"}],"container-title":["Mutagenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mutage\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/mutage\/geag017\/68115145\/geag017.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mutage\/article-pdf\/41\/5\/237\/68115145\/geag017.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mutage\/article-pdf\/41\/5\/237\/68115145\/geag017.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:42:13Z","timestamp":1787838133000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mutage\/article\/41\/5\/237\/8659219"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mutage\/geag017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0267-8357","1464-3804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0267-8357","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-3804","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]]}}}