{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T07:07:25Z","timestamp":1772003245179,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"UNAM DGAPA PAPIIT","award":["IG200814"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IG200814"]}]},{"name":"UNAM-Iztacala DIP","award":["9\/1\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9\/1\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, has increased in the world due to migration, travelling and climate change; at present, the principal problem is that common trypanocidal agents have resulted in toxic or inconvenient side effects. We tested for genotoxicity in the standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses of Drosophila wing somatic mutation and recombination test, four novel trypanocidal agents derived from 2, 4, 6-triaminquinazoline (TAQ): 2,4-diamino-6 nitro-1,3 diazonaftalene (S-1QN2-1), 2,4-diacetamino-6-amino 1,3 diazonaftalene (D-1), N6-(4,methoxybenzyl)quinazoline-2,4,6-triamine (GHPM) and N6-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl]quinazoline-2,4,6-triamine (GHPMF) at 1.9, 3.9, 7.9 and 15 \u00b5M, respectively. Also, high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was run to determine the remanence of either drug in flare, and Oregon R(R)-flare flies emerged from treated larvae. S-1QN2-1 showed genotoxicity only in the ST cross, increasing the small, large and total spot frequencies at all concentrations and twin spots only at 1.9 \u00b5M; D-1 and GHPM showed significant increments of large spots only at 15 \u00b5M in the ST cross; GHPMF was not genotoxic at any concentration or either cross. In the mwh clones accumulated distribution frequencies analysis, associated with disrupted cell division, S-1QN2-1 caused alterations in the ST cross at all concentrations but only at 15 \u00b5M in the HB cross; D-1 caused alterations at 3.9, 7.9 and 15 \u00b5M in the ST cross and at 1.9 and 15 \u00b5M in the HB cross; GHPM caused alterations at 7.9 and 15 \u00b5M in the ST cross and also at 1.9, 3.9 and 7.9 \u00b5M in the HB cross; GHPMF caused those alterations at all concentrations in the ST cross and at 1.9, 3.9 and 7.9 \u00b5M in the HB cross. The HPLC results indicated no traces of either agent in the flare and Oregon R(R)-flare flies. We conclude that S-1QN2-1 is clearly genotoxic, D-1 and GHPM have an unclear genotoxicity and GHPMF was not genotoxic; all quinazoline derivatives disrupted cell division. GHPMF is a good candidate to be tested in other genotoxicity and cytotoxic bioassays. The differences in the genotoxic activity of these trypanocidal agents are correlated with differences in their chemical structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gez042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T13:00:38Z","timestamp":1572613238000},"page":"299-310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Genotoxicity assessment of four novel quinazoline-derived trypanocidal agents in the Drosophila wing somatic mutation and recombination test"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Luis Felipe","family":"Santos-Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Toxicology, Biology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bertha Guadalupe","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Toxicology, Biology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Garc\u00eda-Salom\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Toxicology, Biology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zaira Yuriria","family":"Olvera-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Toxicology, Biology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Luis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Department, Chemistry Faculty, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis Barbo","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Portilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biogeochemistry, Unidad de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Prototipos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Barrios N\u00b0 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Dur\u00e1n-D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematics, Biology, Unidad de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Prototipos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Barrios N\u00b0 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irma Elena","family":"Due\u00f1as-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Toxicology, Biology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Casta\u00f1eda-Partida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Toxicology, Biology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"El\u00edas","family":"Piedra-Ibarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Physiology, Unidad de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Prototipos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Barrios N\u00b0 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9sar","family":"Mendoza-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Department, Chemistry Faculty, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Eugenia","family":"Heres-Pulido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Toxicology, Biology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M\u00e9xico, 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