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Lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS) from this family has been validated as a promising target for the development of antimalarial drugs. Here, we developed a high-throughput compatible assay and screened 1215 bioactive compounds to identify Plasmodium falciparum cytoplasmic LysRS (PfLysRS) inhibitor. ASP3026, an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor that was used in clinical trials for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma and solid tumors, was identified as a novel PfLysRS inhibitor. ASP3026 suppresses the enzymatic activity of PfLysRS at nanomolar potency, which is &amp;gt;380-fold more effective than inhibition of the human counterpart. In addition, the compound suppressed blood-stage P. falciparum growth. To understand the molecular mechanism of inhibition by ASP3026, we further solved the cocrystal structure of PfLysRS-ASP3026 at a resolution of 2.49 \u00c5, providing clues for further optimization of the compound. Finally, primary structure-activity relationship analyses indicated that the inhibition of PfLysRS by ASP3026 is highly structure specific. This work not only provides a new chemical scaffold with good druggability for antimalarial development but also highlights the potential for repurposing kinase-inhibiting drugs to tRNA synthetase inhibitors to treat human diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T11:47:27Z","timestamp":1600861647000},"page":"11566-11576","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Inhibition of<i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i>Lysyl-tRNA synthetase via an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Jintong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenghui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Human Parasite Molecular and Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhoufei","family":"Hei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, 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200032, China"},{"name":"School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lubin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Human Parasite Molecular and Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3448-5494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pengfei","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, 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Chem."},{"key":"2020111803263103200_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.201800587","article-title":"Design and synthesis of metabolically stable tRNA synthetase inhibitors derived from cladosporin","volume":"20","author":"Rusch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chembiochem."},{"key":"2020111803263103200_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.201800588","article-title":"Cladosporin derivatives obtained by biotransformation provide guidance for the focused derivatization of this antimalarial lead compound","volume":"20","author":"Fredenhagen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chembiochem."},{"key":"2020111803263103200_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-016-0254-5","article-title":"First-in-human, open-label dose-escalation and dose-expansion study of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor effects of an oral ALK inhibitor ASP3026 in patients with advanced solid tumors","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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