{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T14:45:50Z","timestamp":1774449950269,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/P00847X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/P00847X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/M019144\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/M019144\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/I003460\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/I003460\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/M01603X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/M01603X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["KI-562\/7-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KI-562\/7-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nucleotide excision repair (NER) in eukaryotes is orchestrated by the core form of the general transcription factor TFIIH, containing the helicases XPB, XPD and five \u2018structural\u2019 subunits, p62, p44, p34, p52 and p8. Recent cryo-EM structures show that p62 makes extensive contacts with p44 and in part occupies XPD\u2019s DNA binding site. While p44 is known to regulate the helicase activity of XPD during NER, p62 is thought to be purely structural. Here, using helicase and adenosine triphosphatase assays we show that a complex containing p44 and p62 enhances XPD\u2019s affinity for dsDNA 3-fold over p44 alone. Remarkably, the relative affinity is further increased to 60-fold by dsDNA damage. Direct binding studies show this preference derives from p44\/p62\u2019s high affinity (20 nM) for damaged ssDNA. Single molecule imaging of p44\/p62 complexes without XPD reveals they bind to and randomly diffuse on DNA, however, in the presence of UV-induced DNA lesions these complexes stall. Combined with the analysis of a recent cryo-EM structure, we suggest that p44\/p62 acts as a novel DNA-binding entity that enhances damage recognition in TFIIH. This revises our understanding of TFIIH and prompts investigation into the core subunits for an active role during DNA repair and\/or transcription.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T15:30:44Z","timestamp":1602603044000},"page":"12689-12696","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The TFIIH subunits p44\/p62 act as a damage sensor during nucleotide excision repair"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0731-7249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie T","family":"Barnett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7553-5825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jochen","family":"Kuper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Institute for Structural Biology, University of W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Koelmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Institute for Structural Biology, University of W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0216-6026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Kisker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Institute for Structural Biology, University of W\u00fcrzburg, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3491-8595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil\u00a0M","family":"Kad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020121502541303000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2010.083022","article-title":"Cancer and neurologic degeneration in xeroderma pigmentosum: long term follow-up characterises the role of DNA repair","volume":"48","author":"Bradford","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"2020121502541303000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2007.03.009","article-title":"Distinct roles for the XPB\/p52 and XPD\/p44 subcomplexes of TFIIH in damaged DNA opening during nucleotide excision repair","volume":"26","author":"Coin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"2020121502541303000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001954","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001954","article-title":"In TFIIH, XPD helicase is exclusively devoted to DNA repair","volume":"12","author":"Kuper","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"2020121502541303000_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9826","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36958-2","article-title":"The DNA-dependent ATPase activity associated with the class II basic transcription factor BTF2\/TFIIH","volume":"269","author":"Roy","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. 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