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To overcome limitations of existing technologies, we engineered chimeric stereopure oligonucleotides with phosphorothioate (PS) and phosphoryl guanidine-containing (PN) backbones. We demonstrate that these chimeric stereopure oligonucleotides have markedly improved pharmacology and efficacy compared with PS-modified oligonucleotides, preventing premature death and improving median survival from 49 days to at least 280 days in a dystrophic mouse model with an aggressive phenotype. These data demonstrate that chemical optimization alone can profoundly impact oligonucleotide pharmacology and highlight the potential for continued innovation around the oligonucleotide backbone. More specifically, we conclude that chimeric stereopure oligonucleotides are a promising splice-switching modality with potential for the treatment of neuromuscular and other genetic diseases impacting difficult to reach tissues such as the skeletal muscle and heart.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T15:10:44Z","timestamp":1641568244000},"page":"5443-5466","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Control of backbone chemistry and chirality boost oligonucleotide splice switching activity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Pachamuthu","family":"Kandasamy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wave Life Sciences , Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"McClorey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford\u00a0OX1 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